24 Facts About Newfoundland

The island of Newfoundland is home to around 94 per cent of the province's population, with more than half residing in the Avalon Peninsula.

Mi?kmaq of southern Newfoundland spent most of their time on the shores harvesting seafood; during the winter they would move inland to the woods to hunt.

Archaeological evidence of a Norse settlement was found in L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, which was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1978.

Newfoundland'storians disagree on whether Cabot landed in Nova Scotia in 1497 or in Newfoundland, or possibly Maine, if he landed at all, but the governments of Canada and the United Kingdom recognise Bonavista as being Cabot's "official" landing place.

Twenty years later, in 1583, Newfoundland became England's first possession in North America and one of the earliest permanent English colonies in the New World when Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed it for Elizabeth I European fishing boats had visited Newfoundland continuously since Cabot's second voyage in 1498 and seasonal fishing camps had existed for a century prior.

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However, in the Seven Years' War, control of Newfoundland became a major source of conflict between Britain, France and Spain, who all pressed for a share in the valuable fishery there.

Newfoundland rejected confederation with Canada in the 1869 general election.

In 1907, Newfoundland acquired Dominion status as a self-governing state within the association of states referred to as the British Empire or British Commonwealth.

Newfoundland survived with assistance from the United Kingdom and Canada but, in the summer of 1933, faced with unprecedented economic problems at home, Canada decided against any further support.

British had a stark choice: accept financial collapse in Newfoundland or pay the full cost of keeping the country solvent.

Newfoundland's government introduced emergency legislation that immediately decertified the IWA, prohibited secondary picketing, and made unions liable for illegal acts committed on their behalf.

Government believes that in just fifty years, temperatures in Newfoundland will have risen by two and a half to three degrees in summer, three and a half to five degrees in winter, and that in Labrador warming will be even more severe.

Newfoundland English is a term referring to any of several accents and dialects of the English language found in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Many Newfoundland dialects are similar to the dialects of the West Country in England, particularly the city of Bristol and counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Hampshire and Somerset, while other Newfoundland dialects resemble those of Ireland's southeastern counties, particularly Waterford, Wexford, Kilkenny and Cork.

Newfoundland was the only place outside Europe to have its own distinct name in the Irish language: Talamh an Eisc, which means 'land of the [one] fish'.

Scots Gaelic was once spoken in the southwest of Newfoundland, following the settlement there, from the middle of the 19th century, of small numbers of Gaelic-speaking Scots from Cape Breton, Nova Scotia.

Agriculture in Newfoundland is limited to areas south of St John's, Cormack, Wooddale, areas near Musgravetown and in the Codroy Valley.

Artists such as Newfoundland-born Maurice Cullen and Robert Pilot travelled to Europe to study art in prominent ateliers.

Newfoundland-born painters Christopher Pratt and Mary Pratt returned to the province in 1961 to work at the newly established Memorial University Art Gallery as its first curator, later transitioning to painting full-time in Salmonier.

Pre-confederation and current provincial anthem is the "Ode to Newfoundland", written by British colonial governor Sir Charles Cavendish Boyle in 1902 during his administration of Newfoundland .

Newfoundland's novels include The Story of Bobby O'Malley, The Time of Their Lives, and The Divine Ryans, which was made into a movie.

Newfoundland went on to publish 18 more books of poetry in his lifetime.

Subregional festivals saw Newfoundland plays compete—Wreakers by Cassie Brown, Tomorrow Will Be Sunday by Tom Cahill, and Holdin' Ground by Ted Russell.

Newfoundland Railway operated on the island of Newfoundland from 1898 to 1988.