18 Facts About Yugoslavism

Yugoslavism, Yugoslavdom, or Yugoslav nationalism is an ideology supporting the notion that the South Slavs, namely the Bosniaks, Croats, Macedonians, Montenegrins, Serbs and Slovenes, but Bulgarians, belong to a single Yugoslav nation separated by diverging historical circumstances, forms of speech, and religious divides.

The main alternative was federalist Yugoslavism which advocated the autonomy of the historical lands in the form of a federation and gradual unification without outside pressure.

Similarly, integral Yugoslavism became associated with the regime, and the political struggle against the government was increasingly equated with the ethnic struggle between the Serbs and various ethnic groups – most often the Croats as the most vocal political opposition to the regime.

The movement's two directions became known as Croatianism and Yugoslavism respectively, meant to counter Germanisation and Magyarisation.

Yugoslavism applied the idea of a state as the foundation of a nation to the Croats by advocating the concept of the Croatian state right.

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Yugoslavism proposed Croats accept the "Eastern dialect" while Serbs would abandon the Cyrilic script.

Yugoslavism became a pivotal idea for establishing a South Slavic political union.

For many Croats and Slovenes, Yugoslavism protected them against Austrian and Hungarian challenges to preservation of their Croat and Slovene identities and political autonomy.

Over time, the centralisation–decentralisation debate evolved from contest of forms of Yugoslavism and turned primarily, but not exclusively, into a conflict between the Serbs and the Croats.

Yugoslavism claimed the ideology of National Oneness based on linguistic unity was insufficient to forge a single nation.

Police became instrumental in imposing integral Yugoslavism, using terror groups – mostly composed of police personnel – for extralegal actions against dissidents.

Yugoslavism planned to dedicate the monument to Lazar of Serbia as the hero of the Kosovo Myth with the aim of transforming the figure of Serbian history into a Yugoslav hero.

Yugoslavism incorporated the Montenegrin Orthodox Church into the structure of the Serbian patriarchate in 1920.

Rankovic supported integral Yugoslavism, claiming that South Slavic unity stemmed from ethnic relatedness.

The socialist Yugoslavism campaign sought to replace federalism with unitarism, but proponents of the socialist Yugoslavism stopped short of declaring an intention of nation-building.

Yugoslavism was not mentioned again at the Congress, and the SKJ transferred some of its powers to its republican branches.

Yugoslavism was accused of illegally wire-tapping SKJ leadership, including Tito, removed from official posts, and expelled from the SKJ.

Yugoslavism favoured recentralisation of Yugoslavia and proposed to re-establish the political system in existence before the fall of Rankovic in 1966.