Cheraw people, known as the Saraw or Saura, were a Siouan-speaking tribe of indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands, in the Piedmont area of North Carolina near the Sauratown Mountains, east of Pilot Mountain and north of the Yadkin River.
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Cheraw were reported in various parts of South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia and West Virginia.
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Cheraw was one of the earliest inland towns which European Americans established in South Carolina.
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Some sources say the Cheraw are descended from the Mississippian culture chiefdom of Joara, located in present-day western North Carolina.
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Cheraw wrote that the natives here mined cinnabar to make purple facepaint, and had cakes of salt.
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In 1710, due to attacks by the Seneca of the Iroquois Confederacy from the north, the Cheraw moved southeast and joined the Keyauwee Indians tribe.
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In 1715, Cheraw warriors joined other Southeastern tribes in the Yamasee War to fight against European enslavement of Indians, mistreatment, and encroachment on their territory.
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Cheraw noted in his writing that the Saura had been attacked and nearly destroyed by the Seneca 30 years before, who had been raiding peoples on the frontier from their home in present-day New York.
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In 1755, the Cheraw were persuaded by colonizer James Glen to join the Waccamaw, Pedee, and Catawba, led by King Haigler.
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Cheraw, Colorado was named by an early settler who was born in Cheraw, South Carolina, and migrated west.
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Cheraw, Mississippi was named by a contingent of passported Cheraw to Bogue Chitto Neshoba District of Choctaw land in 1810 from Dimery Settlement.
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