Emperor Justinian's reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized renovatio imperii, or "restoration of the Empire".
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53 Facts About Emperor Justinian
2.
Emperor Justinian engaged the Sasanian Empire in the east during Kavad I's reign, and later again during Khosrow I's reign; this second conflict was partially initiated due to his ambitions in the west.
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3.
Emperor Justinian's reign marked a blossoming of Byzantine culture, and his building program yielded works such as the Hagia Sophia.
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4.
Emperor Justinian is called "Saint Justinian the Emperor" in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
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5.
The chronicler John Malalas, who lived during the reign of Emperor Justinian, describes his appearance as short, fair-skinned, curly-haired, round-faced, and handsome.
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6.
When Emperor Anastasius died in 518, Justin was proclaimed the new emperor, with significant help from Justinian.
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7.
Emperor Justinian was known as "the emperor who never sleeps" for his work habits.
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8.
Emperor Justinian's was by profession an actress and some twenty years his junior.
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9.
Emperor Justinian was struck by the plague in the early 540s but recovered.
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10.
Emperor Justinian, who had always had a keen interest in theological matters and actively participated in debates on Christian doctrine, became even more devoted to religion during the later years of his life.
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11.
Emperor Justinian was succeeded by Justin II, who was the son of his sister Vigilantia and married to Sophia, the niece of Theodora.
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12.
Emperor Justinian's body was entombed in a specially built mausoleum in the Church of the Holy Apostles until it was desecrated and robbed during the pillage of the city in 1204 by the Latin States of the Fourth Crusade.
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13.
Emperor Justinian achieved lasting fame through his judicial reforms, particularly through the complete revision of all Roman law, something that had not previously been attempted.
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14.
The total of Emperor Justinian's legislation is known today as the Corpus juris civilis.
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15.
Early in his reign, Emperor Justinian had appointed the quaestor Tribonian to oversee this task.
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16.
Emperor Justinian passed laws to protect prostitutes from exploitation and women from being forced into prostitution.
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17.
One of the most spectacular features of Emperor Justinian's reign was the recovery of large stretches of land around the Western Mediterranean basin that had slipped out of Imperial control in the 5th century.
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18.
From his uncle, Emperor Justinian inherited ongoing hostilities with the Sassanid Empire.
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20.
When king Kavadh I of Persia died, Emperor Justinian concluded an "Eternal Peace" with his successor Khosrau I .
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21.
Emperor Justinian was taken to Constantinople, where he was paraded in a triumph.
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22.
Emperor Justinian sent another general, Narses, to Italy, but tensions between Narses and Belisarius hampered the progress of the campaign.
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23.
Emperor Justinian first sacked Beroea and then Antioch, besieged Daras, and then went on to attack the Byzantine base in the small but strategically significant satellite kingdom of Lazica near the Black Sea as requested by its discontented king Gubazes, exacting tribute from the towns he passed along his way.
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26.
Emperor Justinian, who continued this policy, tried to impose religious unity on his subjects by forcing them to accept doctrinal compromises that might appeal to all parties, a policy that proved unsuccessful as he satisfied none of them.
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27.
Emperor Justinian made the Nicaeno-Constantinopolitan creed the sole symbol of the Church and accorded legal force to the canons of the four ecumenical councils.
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28.
Emperor Justinian protected the purity of the church by suppressing heretics.
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29.
Emperor Justinian neglected no opportunity to secure the rights of the Church and clergy, and to protect and extend monasticism.
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30.
Emperor Justinian granted the monks the right to inherit property from private citizens and the right to receive solemnia, or annual gifts, from the Imperial treasury or from the taxes of certain provinces and he prohibited lay confiscation of monastic estates.
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31.
Emperor Justinian rebuilt the Church of Hagia Sophia, the original site having been destroyed during the Nika riots.
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32.
Emperor Justinian entered the arena of ecclesiastical statecraft shortly after his uncle's accession in 518, and put an end to the Acacian schism.
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33.
Emperor Justinian's policies switched between attempts to force Monophysites and Miaphysites to accept the Chalcedonian creed by persecuting their bishops and monks – thereby embittering their sympathizers in Egypt and other provinces – and attempts at a compromise that would win over the Monophysites without surrendering the Chalcedonian faith.
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34.
The Presbyter Julian and the Bishop Longinus conducted a mission among the Nabataeans, and Emperor Justinian attempted to strengthen Christianity in Yemen by dispatching a bishop from Egypt.
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35.
Emperor Justinian interfered in the internal affairs of the synagogue and encouraged the Jews to use the Greek Septuagint in their synagogues in Constantinople.
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36.
Emperor Justinian faced significant opposition from the Samaritans, who resisted conversion to Christianity and were repeatedly in insurrection.
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37.
Emperor Justinian persecuted them with rigorous edicts, but could not prevent reprisals towards Christians from taking place in Samaria toward the close of his reign.
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38.
The consistency of Emperor Justinian's policy meant that the Manicheans too suffered persecution, experiencing both exile and threat of capital punishment.
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39.
Emperor Justinian was a prolific builder; the historian Procopius bears witness to his activities in this area.
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40.
Rivalry with other, more established patrons from the Constantinopolitan and exiled Roman aristocracy might have enforced Emperor Justinian's building activities in the capital as a means of strengthening his dynasty's prestige.
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41.
Emperor Justinian strengthened the borders of the Empire from Africa to the East through the construction of fortifications and ensured Constantinople of its water supply through construction of underground cisterns .
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42.
Emperor Justinian made the traffic more efficient by building a large granary on the island of Tenedos for storage and further transport to Constantinople.
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43.
Emperor Justinian tried to find new routes for the eastern trade, which was suffering badly from the wars with the Persians.
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44.
Emperor Justinian had the city rebuilt, but on a slightly smaller scale.
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46.
Emperor Justinian confesses that he was partially motivated by fame rather than duty to God, which tainted the justice of his rule in spite of his proud accomplishments.
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47.
Dante uses Emperor Justinian to criticize the factious politics of his 14th Century Italy, divided between Ghibellines and Guelphs, in contrast to the unified Italy of the Roman Empire.
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48.
Emperor Justinian is a major character in the 1938 novel Count Belisarius, by Robert Graves.
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49.
Emperor Justinian is depicted as a jealous and conniving Emperor obsessed with creating and maintaining his own historical legacy.
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50.
Glittering Horn: Secret Memoirs of the Court of Emperor Justinian was a novel written by Pierson Dixon in 1958 about the court of Emperor Justinian.
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51.
Emperor Justinian occasionally appears in the comic strip Prince Valiant, usually as a nemesis of the title character.
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53.
Emperor Justinian became very bitter towards Justinian and his empress, Theodora.
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