91 Facts About Ethiopia

Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa.

Anatomically modern humans emerged from modern-day Ethiopia and set out to the Near East and elsewhere in the Middle Paleolithic period.

Southwestern Ethiopia has been proposed as a possible homeland of the Afroasiatic language family.

Externally, during the late–19th-century, Ethiopia defended itself against foreign invasions, including from Egypt and Italy; as a result, Ethiopia and Liberia preserved their sovereignty during the Scramble for Africa.

In 1935, Ethiopia was occupied by Fascist Italy and annexed with Italian-possessed Eritrea and Somaliland, later forming Italian East Africa.

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Since then, Ethiopia has suffered from prolonged and unsolved inter-ethnic clashes and political instability marked by democratic backsliding.

Ethiopia is a multi-ethnic state with over 80 different ethnic groups.

Ethiopia is considered an emerging power and developing country, having the fastest economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries because of foreign direct investment in expansion of agricultural and manufacturing industries.

Ethiopia was an extra-biblical son of Cush, son of Ham, said to have founded the city of Axum.

Ethiopia is considered one of the earliest sites of the emergence of anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens.

Archaic Homo sapiens fossils excavated at the Jebel Irhoud site in Morocco have since been dated to an earlier period, about 300, 000 years ago, while Omo-Kibish I from southern Ethiopia is the oldest anatomically modern Homo sapiens skeleton currently known (196 ± 5 ka).

However, Ge'ez, the ancient Semitic language of Ethiopia, is thought to have developed independently from the Sabaean language.

Ethiopia inaugurated the Solomonic dynasty that supposedly traced to the biblical Solomon and Queen of Sheba, a claim that Menelik I was their firstborn inaugurated the dynasty and the first Emperor of Ethiopia in the 10th century BCE.

Ethiopia saw major diplomatic contact with Portugal from the 17th century, mainly related to religion.

Ethiopia expelled Jesuits by reclaiming possessed lands and relegating them to Fremona.

Ethiopia credited with constructing seven stone bridges over Blue Nile River.

Between 1769 and 1855, Ethiopia experienced a period of isolation referred to as the Zemene Mesafint or "Age of Princes".

Ethiopia killed himself in 1868 during his last fight with the British expedition to Abyssinia at the Battle of Magdala.

From 1885 to 1889, Ethiopia joined the Mahdist War allied to Britain, Turkey, and Egypt against the Sudanese Mahdist State.

Ethiopia was born at Angolala in an Oromo area and lived his first twelve years with Shewan Oromos, with whom he thus had much in common.

Ethiopia had between two and four million slaves in the early 20th century, out of a total population of about eleven million.

Ethiopia dissolved this in 1962 and annexed Eritrea, resulting in the Eritrean War of Independence.

Opinion within Ethiopia turned against Haile Selassie owing to the worldwide 1973 oil crisis causing a sharp increase in gasoline prices starting on 13 February 1974.

Ethiopia recovered it after it began receiving massive military aid from the Soviet bloc countries of the USSR, Cuba, South Yemen, East Germany, and North Korea.

In July 1991, the EPRDF convened a National Conference to establish the Transitional Government of Ethiopia composed of an 87-member Council of Representatives and guided by a national charter that functioned as a transitional constitution.

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On 16 February 2018, the government of Ethiopia declared a six-month nationwide state of emergency following the resignation of Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn.

Gedeo–Oromo clashes between the Oromo and the Gedeo people in the south of the country led to Ethiopia having the largest number of people to flee their homes in the world in 2018, with 1.

Fano militia is an Amhara youth group in Ethiopia, perceived as either a protest group or an armed militia.

Protests broke out across Ethiopia following the assassination of Oromo musician Hachalu Hundessa on 29 June 2020, leading to the deaths of at least 239 people.

Federal government, under the Prosperity Party, requested that the National Election Board of Ethiopia cancel elections for 2020 due to health and safety concerns about COVID-19.

Ethiopia is a federal parliamentary republic, wherein the Prime Minister is the head of government, and the President is the head of state but with largely ceremonial powers.

Ethiopia had dropped 12 places on the list since 2006, and the 2010 report attributed the drop to the government's crackdown on opposition activities, media, and civil society before the 2010 parliamentary election, which the report argued had made Ethiopia a de facto one-party state.

In post-1995 regime, Ethiopia's politics has been liberalized which promotes all-encompassing reforms to the country.

Ethiopia today has eleven semi-autonomous administrative regions that have the power to raise and spend their own revenues.

Today, Ethiopia maintains strong relations with China, Israel, Mexico, Turkey and India as well as neighboring countries.

Ethiopia has concentrated emigrant to countries in Europe mainly in Italy, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, Canada, Sweden and Australia.

Ethiopia has Jewish emigrant in Israel about 155, 300 as of 2019.

Ethiopia is founding member of the Group of 24, the Non-Aligned Movement and the G77.

Ethiopia is one of African countries and founding member of League of Nations now United Nations since at least end of colonial era in 1923.

The UN tasks in Ethiopia is primarily of humanitarian issues and development.

The UN focuses all-encompassing affairs in Ethiopia, providing two goals: Sustainable Development Goals and National Development priority.

Since 1996, landlocked Ethiopia has had no navy but in 2018 Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed said on state TV: "We built one of the strongest ground and air forces in Africa.

The territories that have frontiers with Ethiopia are Eritrea to the north and then, moving in a clockwise direction, Djibouti, Somaliland, Somalia, Kenya, South Sudan and Sudan.

Ethiopia is an ecologically diverse country, ranging from the deserts along the eastern border to the tropical forests in the south to extensive Afromontane in the northern and southwestern parts.

Ethiopia has the second-largest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa.

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Ethiopia is vulnerable to many of the effects of climate change.

Two Chinese railway companies under the Belt and Road Initiative between China and Ethiopia had supplied funds to develop 12 of the total 56 kilometres.

Ethiopia has many species listed as critically endangered and vulnerable to global extinction.

The threatened species in Ethiopia can be broken down into three categories: critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable.

Ethiopia is one of the eight fundamental and independent centres of origin for cultivated plants in the world.

Ethiopia registered the fastest economic growth under Meles Zenawi's administration.

In 2015, the World Bank highlighted that Ethiopia had witnessed rapid economic growth with real domestic product growth averaging 10.

However, with a focused investment in public infrastructure and industrial parks, Ethiopia's economy is addressing its structural problems to become a hub for light manufacturing in Africa.

Ethiopia has 14 major rivers flowing from its highlands, including the Nile.

However, Ethiopia is in the process of constructing a large 6, 450 MW hydroelectric dam on the Blue Nile river.

Ethiopia is a Vavilov centre of diversity for domesticated crops, including enset, coffee and teff.

Ethiopia is often considered as the birthplace of coffee since cultivation began in the 9th century.

Ethiopia produces more coffee than any other nation on the continent.

Recent development of the floriculture sector means Ethiopia is poised to become one of the top flower and plant exporters in the world.

Furthermore, the government of Ethiopia is purportedly unhappy with lost tax revenue and foreign exchange revenues.

Ethiopia has large mineral resources and oil potential in some of the less inhabited regions.

In 2020 alone, Ethiopia registered 518, 000 tourists, ranked 126th in the world.

Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world.

Ethiopia's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups, the four largest of which are the Oromo, Amhara, Somali and Tigrayans.

In 2009, Ethiopia hosted a population of refugees and asylum seekers numbering approximately 135, 200.

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Various regions of Ethiopia and chartered cities are free to determine their own working languages.

Ethiopia has close historical ties with all three of the world's major Abrahamic religions.

Ethiopia was the destination of the First Hijrah, a major emigration in Islamic history.

Muslims in Ethiopia predominantly adhere to Sunni Islam and generally inhabit eastern and northeastern areas; particularly the Somali, Afar, Dire Dawa and Harari regions.

In 1936, Italy annexed Ethiopia, building infrastructure to connect major cities, and a dam providing power and water.

Ethiopia has been able to reduce under-five mortality by two-thirds since 1990.

Ethiopia has a relatively high infant and maternal mortality rate.

Although, Ethiopia did not meet the MDG target of reducing maternal mortality rate by two-thirds in 2015, there are improvements nonetheless.

Ethiopia has a high prevalence of FGM, but prevalence is lower among young girls.

Government of the Federal Republic of Ethiopia is signatory to various international conventions and treaties that protect the rights of women and children.

Educational system of Ethiopia was dominated by the Orthodox Tewahedo Church since the Axumite Christian era in 330 CE.

The sequence of general education in Ethiopia is six years of primary school, then four years of lower secondary school followed by two years of higher secondary school.

Arts of Ethiopia were largely influenced by Christian iconography throughout much of its history.

In Gondarine period, the architecture of Ethiopia was infused by Baroque, Arab, Turkish and Gujarati Indian styles independently taught by Portuguese emissaries in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Unlike most Sub-Saharan African countries, Ethiopia has ancient distinct language, the Ge'ez, which dominated political and educational aspects.

Scrolls emulating original medium of Ethiopia literature is highly disputed, where there is overwhelming evidence that Ge'ez language books were written in codex.

In lesser, Ethiopia used accordion books which was dated to late 15th or 16th century, made up of folded parchment paper, with or without cover.

Almost universally in Ethiopia, it is common to eat from the same dish in the middle of the table with a group of people.

Science and technology in Ethiopia emerging as progressive due to lack of organized institutions.

Ethiopia is known for use of traditional medicine since millennia.

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The first epidemic occurred in Ethiopia was in 849, causing the Aksumite Emperor Abba Yohannes evicted from place due to "God's punishment for misdeeds".

Ethiopia was ranked 126th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021.

Music of Ethiopia is extremely diverse, with each of the country's 80 ethnic groups being associated with unique sounds.

Ethiopia composed Zema, subdivided into three chants: Ge'ez, Ezel and Araray.

Ethiopia epitomized to his real life and returned to the school with good spirit, later became prominent to political sphere.

Ethiopia has Sub-Saharan Africa's longest basketball tradition as it established a national basketball team in 1949.