Cuba is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean meet.
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Cuba is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean meet.
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Territory that is Cuba was inhabited by the Ciboney Taino people from the 4th millennium BC until Spanish colonization in the 15th century.
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Cuba is one of a few extant Marxist–Leninist socialist states, in which the role of the vanguard Communist Party is enshrined in the Constitution.
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Cuba is a founding member of the United Nations, the G77, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, ALBA, and the Organization of American States.
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Cuba has historically—both before and during communist rule—performed better than other countries in the region on several socioeconomic indicators, such as literacy, infant mortality and life expectancy.
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Cuba has a one-party authoritarian regime where political opposition is not permitted.
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Cuba'storians believe the name Cuba comes from the Taino language, however "its exact derivation [is] unknown".
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Fringe theory writers who believe that Christopher Columbus was Portuguese state that Cuba was named by Columbus for the town of Cuba in the district of Beja in Portugal.
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In 1529, a measles outbreak in Cuba killed two-thirds of those few natives who had previously survived smallpox.
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Cuba developed slowly and, unlike the plantation islands of the Caribbean, had a diversified agriculture.
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Slavery in Cuba was abolished in 1875 but the process was completed only in 1886.
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General Valeriano Weyler, the military governor of Cuba, herded the rural population into what he called, described by international observers as "fortified towns".
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Cuba gained formal independence from the U S on 20 May 1902, as the Republic of Cuba.
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The U S intervened by occupying Cuba and named Charles Edward Magoon as Governor for three years.
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Cuba was replaced by Carlos Manuel de Cespedes y Quesada.
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In 1958, Cuba was a well-advanced country in comparison to other Latin American regions.
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Cuba was affected by perhaps the largest labor union privileges in Latin America, including bans on dismissals and mechanization.
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Between 1933 and 1958, Cuba extended economic regulations enormously, causing economic problems.
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In January 1962, Cuba was suspended from the Organization of American States, and later the same year the OAS started to impose sanctions against Cuba of similar nature to the U S sanctions.
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In 1964, Cuba organized a meeting of Latin American communists in Havana and stoked a civil war in the capital of the Dominican Republic in 1965, which prompted the U S military to intervene there.
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In November 1975, Cuba poured more than 65, 000 troops and 400 Soviet-made tanks into Angola in one of the fastest military mobilizations in history.
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Cuba has since found a new source of aid and support in the People's Republic of China.
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The resolution stated, however, that full membership would be delayed until Cuba was "in conformity with the practices, purposes, and principles of the OAS".
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Effective 14 January 2013, Cuba ended the requirement established in 1961, that any citizens who wish to travel abroad were required to obtain an expensive government permit and a letter of invitation.
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Additionally, while the embargo between the United States and Cuba was not immediately lifted, it was relaxed to allow import, export, and certain limited commerce.
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On 25 September 2022, Cuba approved a referendum which amended the Family Code as well as legalising same-sex marriage and same-sex adoption, making Cuba the first Marxist-Leninist country to do so.
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Republic of Cuba is one of the few socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology.
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The President of Cuba, who is elected by the Assembly, serves for five years and since the ratification of the 2019 Constitution, there is a limit of two consecutive five-year terms.
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Cuba is considered an authoritarian regime according to The Economist's Democracy Index and Freedom in the World reports.
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Cuba has conducted a foreign policy that is uncharacteristic of such a minor, developing country.
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In 2008, the European Union and Cuba agreed to resume full relations and cooperation activities.
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In 2017, Cuba signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.
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On 17 December 2014, United States President Barack Obama announced the re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Cuba, pushing for Congress to put an end to the embargo, as well as the United States-run Guantanamo Bay detention camp.
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Cuba was ranked 19th by the number of imprisoned journalists of any nation in 2021 according to various sources, including the Committee to Protect Journalists and Human Rights Watch.
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Cuba ranked 5th in the hemisphere in per capita income, 3rd in life expectancy, 2nd in per capita ownership of automobiles and telephones, and 1st in the number of television sets per inhabitant.
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Cuba took limited free-market oriented measures to alleviate severe shortages of food, consumer goods, and services.
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Cuba has developed a unique urban farm system called to compensate for the end of food imports from the Soviet Union.
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The U S embargo against Cuba was instituted in 1960 in response to nationalization of U S -citizen-held property and was maintained on the grounds of perceived human rights violations.
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Cuba's leadership has called for reforms in the country's agricultural system.
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In 2005, Cuba had exports of, ranking 114 of 226 world countries, and imports of, ranking 87 of 226 countries.
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On 2 August 2011, The New York Times reported that Cuba reaffirmed its intent to legalize "buying and selling" of private property before the year's end.
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In May 2019, Cuba imposed rationing of staples such as chicken, eggs, rice, beans, soap and other basic goods.
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In July 2020, Cuba opened new stores accepting only foreign currency while simultaneously eliminating a special tax on the U S dollar to combat an economic crisis arising initially due to economic sanctions imposed by the Trump administration, then later worsened by a lack of tourism during the coronavirus pandemic.
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Cuba is a major producer of refined cobalt, a by-product of nickel mining.
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In 2006, Cuba started to test-drill these locations for possible exploitation.
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The rapid growth of tourism during the Special Period had widespread social and economic repercussions in Cuba, and led to speculation about the emergence of a two-tier economy.
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Cuba recorded 2, 688, 000 international tourists in 2011, the third-highest figure in the Caribbean.
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Cuba is an archipelago of nearly 4, 200 islands, cays and islets located in the northern Caribbean Sea at the confluence with the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.
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Cuba is the principal island, surrounded by four smaller groups of islands: the Colorados Archipelago on the northwestern coast, the Sabana-Camaguey Archipelago on the north-central Atlantic coast, the Jardines de la Reina on the south-central coast and the Canarreos Archipelago on the southwestern coast.
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The warm temperatures of the Caribbean Sea and the fact that Cuba sits across the entrance to the Gulf of Mexico combine to make the country prone to frequent hurricanes.
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Cuba signed the Rio Convention on Biological Diversity on 12 June 1992, and became a party to the convention on 8 March 1994.
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Post-revolution Cuba has been characterized by significant levels of emigration, which has led to a large and influential diaspora community.
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Religious landscape of Cuba is strongly defined by syncretisms of various kinds.
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Haitian Creole is the second-most spoken language in Cuba, and is spoken by Haitian immigrants and their descendants.
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Cuba has provided state subsidized education to a limited number of foreign nationals at the Latin American School of Medicine.
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Today, Cuba has universal health care and despite persistent shortages of medical supplies, there is no shortage of medical personnel.
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Cuba has the highest doctor-to-population ratio in the world and has sent thousands of doctors to more than 40 countries around the world.
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In 2015, Cuba became the first country to eradicate mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis, a milestone hailed by the World Health Organization as "one of the greatest public health achievements possible".
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Mass media in Cuba consist of several different types: television, radio, newspapers, and Internet.
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Internet in Cuba has some of the lowest penetration rates in the Western hemisphere, and all content is subject to review by the Department of Revolutionary Orientation.
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The government of Cuba provides an online encyclopedia website called EcuRed that operates in a "wiki" format.
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Cuba is a dominant force in amateur boxing, consistently achieving high medal tallies in major international competitions.
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