16 Facts About Gorizia

Gorizia is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia.

In 1500, the dynasty of the Counts of Gorizia died out and their County passed to Austrian Habsburg rule, after a short occupation by the Republic of Venice in the years 1508 and 1509.

Gorizia developed into a multi-ethnic town, in which Friulian, Venetian, German, and Slovene were spoken.

In mid-16th century, Gorizia emerged as a center of Protestant Reformation, which was spreading from the neighboring northeastern regions of Carniola and Carinthia.

In ecclesiastical matters, after the suppression of the Patriarchate of Aquileia in 1751, the Archdiocese of Gorizia was established as its legal successor on the territory of the Habsburg monarchy.

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The archdiocese of Gorizia covers a large territory, extending to the Drava River to the north and the Kolpa to the east, with the dioceses of Trieste, Trento, Como and Pedena subject to the authority of the archbishops of Gorizia.

In 1849, the County of Gorizia was included in the Austrian Littoral, along with Trieste and Istria.

At that time, Gorizia was a multi-ethnic town; Italian and Venetian, Slovene, Friulian, and German were all spoken in the town center, while in the suburbs Slovene and Friulian prevailed.

The hills west of Gorizia soon became the scene of fierce battles between the Italian and Austro-Hungarian armies.

In 1927 Gorizia became a provincial capital within the Julian March administrative region.

Several peripheral districts of the municipality of Gorizia were handed over to the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, together with the vast majority of the former Province of Gorizia.

Some important old buildings once belonging to Gorizia were included in the Yugoslav territory: these include the old railway station of the Transalpina line that connected Trieste to Villach, as well as to the town landmarks.

Gorizia'sltered from the north and from the east by a mountain ridge, Gorizia is completely protected from the cold bora wind, which affects the rest of the neighboring areas.

The town is the seat of the Archbishop of Gorizia, who was one of the three legal descendants of the Patriarchate of Aquileia .

Between mid-18th century and 1920, Gorizia was thus the center of a Metropolitan bishopric that comprised the Dioceses of Ljubljana, Trieste, Porec-Pula and Krk.

Until 1943, Gorizia had a Jewish community; most of its members died in the Holocaust.