Kaliningrad is the second-largest city in the Northwestern Federal District, after Saint Petersburg, the third-largest city in the Baltic region, and the seventh-largest city on the Baltic Sea.
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Kaliningrad is the second-largest city in the Northwestern Federal District, after Saint Petersburg, the third-largest city in the Baltic region, and the seventh-largest city on the Baltic Sea.
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Settlement of modern-day Kaliningrad was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement Twangste by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named Konigsberg in honor of King Ottokar II of Bohemia.
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Settlement on the site of present-day Kaliningrad was founded as a military fortress in 1255 after the Prussian Crusade by the Teutonic Knights against Baltic Prussians.
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On 4 July 1946 the Soviet authorities renamed Konigsberg to Kaliningrad following the death on 3 June 1946 of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Mikhail Kalinin, one of the original Bolsheviks.
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Town of Baltiysk, just outside Kaliningrad, is the only Russian Baltic Sea port said to be "ice-free" all year round, and the region hence plays an important role in maintenance of the Baltic Fleet.
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Kaliningrad Oblast was an exclave of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 it became separated from the rest of Russia by independent countries.
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Kaliningrad is at the mouth of the navigable Pregolya River, which empties into the Vistula Lagoon, an inlet of the Baltic Sea.
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Kaliningrad has an oceanic climate or a humid continental climate, with cold, cloudy, winters and mild summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms.
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Today the overwhelming majority of Kaliningrad's residents are Russians settled after 1945, and their descendants.
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Kaliningrad is a "green" city with many parks and areas with many trees and lawns.
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In 2018, the Kaliningrad Stadium, located on Oktyabrsky Island, near the embankment of the Staraya Pregolya River, was opened.
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Kaliningrad's museums were visited by roughly 920 thousand people in 2013.
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Kaliningrad has its own vodka and beer brands, Stari Konigsberg and Ostmark respectively.
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People of Kaliningrad generally imported their respective culinary traditions to the region when they settled in the area after 1945.
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Russian football club FC Baltika Kaliningrad is based in Kaliningrad and plays in the Russian Football National League.
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The football club Volna Kaliningrad took part in the third tier of the 2000 Lithuanian championship, LF II Lyga, and won in the western zone .
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In Kaliningrad, there are representative offices of federal authorities in the region:.
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In 1996, Kaliningrad was designated a Special Economic Zone, referred to as FEZ Yantar.
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Also in Kaliningrad there is a branch of the North-West Academy of Public Administration and National Economy, from secondary educational institutions – three gymnasiums, six lyceums and forty-seven secondary schools.
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Kaliningrad is home to the westernmost and the only non-freezing port of Russia and the Baltic states on the Baltic Sea.
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Kaliningrad is the most important hub of the railway network of the Kaliningrad Oblast.
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Public transport in Kaliningrad is represented by a bus, a trolleybus, a tram, a taxi, and the city's railway lines.
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Tram network in Kaliningrad has been in existence since 1895 and is the oldest tram system in Russia.
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On 26 March 2014 the first line of the city rail bus was launched in Kaliningrad, serving the route from the Kievskaya platform in the Moskovsky district to the Kaliningrad North railway station.
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In early January 2017, the press service of the Kaliningrad Railway announced that it was planned to extend the rail bus line to Chkalovsk.
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Kaliningrad North railway station is a major transport and interchange hub, where many public transport routes converge.
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