29 Facts About Polaris missile

UGM-27 Polaris missile was a two-stage solid-fueled nuclear-armed submarine-launched ballistic missile.

Polaris missile formed the backbone of the US Navy's nuclear force aboard a number of custom-designed submarines.

Polaris missile was gradually replaced on 31 of the 41 original SSBNs in the US Navy by the MIRV-capable Poseidon missile beginning in 1972.

Polaris missile replaced an earlier plan to create a submarine-based missile force based on a derivative of the US Army Jupiter Intermediate-range ballistic missile.

The Jupiter Polaris missile's large diameter was a product of the need to keep the length short enough to fit in a reasonably-sized submarine.

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Polaris missile argued that the technology needed to be discovered, rather than apply technology that is already created.

Polaris missile sent officers to make independent estimates of size to determine the plausibility of a small missile; while none of the officers could agree on a size, their findings were encouraging nonetheless.

Polaris missile suggested that nuclear-armed torpedoes could be substituted for conventional ones to provide a new anti-submarine weapon.

Polaris missile pointed out the trend in warhead technology, which indicated reduced weight to yield ratios in each succeeding generation.

The Polaris missile continued to be developed by the Army's German team in collaboration with their main contractor, Chrysler Corporation.

The estimate that a 30,000-pound Polaris missile could deliver a suitable warhead over 1500 nautical miles was endorsed.

Submarines were very vulnerable to attack during launch, and a fully or partially fueled Polaris missile on deck was a serious hazard.

The A-2 version of the Polaris missile was essentially an upgraded A-1, and it entered service in late 1961.

Polaris missile development was kept on a tight schedule and the only influence that changed this was the USSR's launching of SPUTNIK on October 4,1957.

September 24,1958: AX-1, at Cape Canaveral from a launch pad; the Polaris missile was destroyed, after it failed to turn into the correct trajectory following a programming-error.

The Polaris missile launched, separated, and splashed into the Atlantic 300 miles off shore.

At the time that the Polaris missile project went live, submarine navigation systems accuracy was adequate for existing weapons systems.

The developers of Polaris missile encountered many issues from the birth of the project perhaps the most unsettling for them was the outdated technology of the gyroscopes they would be implementing.

Polaris missile was thus forced to seek elsewhere and quickly found hope in a guidance system that had been abandoned by the US Air Force.

The first Polaris missile submarine outfitted with MRV A-3's was the USS Daniel Webster in 1964.

The Polaris missile failed to perform its pitch and roll maneuver and instead just flew straight up, however the flight was considered a partial success.

The B-3 Polaris missile evolved into the C-3 Poseidon Polaris missile, which abandoned the decoy concept in favor of using the C3's greater throw-weight for larger numbers of new hardened high-re-entry-speed reentry vehicles that could overwhelm Soviet defenses by sheer weight of numbers, and its high speed after re-entry.

The ULMS II Polaris missile system was designed to be retrofitted to the existing SSBNs, while being fitted to the proposed Ohio-class submarine.

The sale of the Polaris missile was malleable in how an individual country could interpret it due to the diction choices taken in the Nassau Agreement.

Polaris missile was the largest project in the Royal Navy's peacetime history.

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Original US Navy Polaris had not been designed to penetrate anti-ballistic missile defenses, but the Royal Navy had to ensure that its small Polaris force operating alone, and often with only one submarine on deterrent patrol, could penetrate the ABM screen around Moscow.

One such individual who supported modification to the Polaris missile was the Secretary of state for Defense, Denis Healey.

Consequently, many spare parts and repair facilities for the Polaris that were located in the US ceased to be available.

MLF plan, as well as the Italian Polaris Program, were abandoned, both for political reasons and the initial operational availability of the first SSBN George Washington, which was capable of launching SLBMs while submerged, a solution preferable to surface-launched missiles.