43 Facts About Warsaw Poland

Warsaw Poland is an Alpha global city, a major cultural, political and economic hub, and the country's seat of government.

Warsaw Poland served as the de facto capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, and subsequently as the seat of Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw Poland.

The Warsaw Poland Zoo is among the largest and most-visited zoological gardens in the country.

On 27 February 1861, a Warsaw crowd protesting against Russian control over Congress Poland was fired upon by Russian troops.

Under Starynkiewicz Warsaw Poland saw its first water and sewer systems designed and built by the English engineer William Lindley and his son, William Heerlein Lindley, as well as the expansion and modernisation of trams, street lighting, and gas infrastructure.

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The Imperial Census of 1897 recorded 626,000 people living in Warsaw Poland, making it the third-largest city of the Empire after St Petersburg and Moscow as well as the largest city in the region.

Warsaw Poland successfully defended the capital, stopped the brunt of the Bolshevik Red Army and temporarily halted the "export of the communist revolution" to other parts of Europe.

In July of 1942, the Jews of the Warsaw Poland Ghetto began to be deported en masse to the Aktion Reinhard extermination camps, particularly Treblinka.

Nevertheless, Warsaw officially resumed its role as the capital of Poland and the country's centre of political and economic life.

In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw and ended his sermon with a call to "renew the face" of Poland.

Warsaw Poland is located on two main geomorphologic formations: the plain moraine plateau and the Vistula Valley with its asymmetrical pattern of different terraces.

Unlike most Polish cities, Warsaw Poland's cityscape is mostly contemporary – modern glass buildings are towering above older historical edifices which is a common feature of North American metropolises.

Seat of Polish monarchs since the end of the 16th century, Warsaw Poland remained a small city with only privately owned palaces, mansions, villas and several streets of townhouses.

Warsaw Poland has excellent examples of architecture from the Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical periods, all of which are located within walking distance of the centre.

The neoclassical architecture in Warsaw Poland can be described by the simplicity of the geometrical forms teamed with a great inspiration from the Roman period.

The tragic pages of Warsaw Poland's history are commemorated in places such as the Monument to the Ghetto Heroes, the Umschlagplatz, fragments of the Ghetto wall on Sienna Street and a mound in memory of the Jewish Combat Organization.

In Warsaw Poland there are many places connected with the life and work of Frederic Chopin who was born near the city in Zelazowa Wola.

Demographically, Warsaw was the most diverse city in Poland, with significant numbers of foreign-born residents.

The ethnic composition of contemporary Warsaw Poland is incomparable to the diversity that existed for nearly 300 years.

Much like most capital cities in Europe, Warsaw Poland boasts a foreign-born population that is significantly larger than in other cities, although not coming close to the figures representing the likes of Madrid or Rome.

In 2019, it was estimated that 40,000 people living in Warsaw Poland were born overseas.

The Lutheran Diocese of Warsaw is one of six in Poland; its main house of worship is the Holy Trinity Church from 1782, one of Warsaw's most important and historic landmarks.

The Jewish Commune of Warsaw is one of eight in the country; Chief Rabbi of Poland Michael Schudrich resides in the city.

In 2002, the new Warsaw Poland Act of the Polish parliament restored Warsaw Poland as a single urban gmina with the status of a city with powiat rights, led by a unified local government.

The first city mayor of Warsaw Poland elected according to these rules was Lech Kaczynski, who however resigned ahead of term when he was elected President of Polish Republic in 2005.

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Warsaw Poland has thereafter remained an urban gmina with the status of a city with powiat rights.

Legislative power in Warsaw Poland is vested in a unicameral Warsaw Poland City Council, which comprises 60 members.

Warsaw Poland Act imposes a mandatory division into 18 auxiliary units called quarters on the city.

Warsaw Poland is the leading economic and financial hub of Central Europe, the Visegrad Group and the Three Seas Initiative.

In 2020, Warsaw Poland was classified as an alpha world city by the Globalization and World Cities study group from Loughborough University, placing it on a par with cities such as Sydney, Istanbul, Amsterdam or Seoul.

Since World War II, Warsaw has been the most important centre of film production in Poland.

University of Warsaw was established in 1816, when the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential Polish academic center, in Krakow.

Warsaw Poland has numerous libraries, many of which contain vast collections of historic documents.

Warsaw Poland is a considerable transport hub linking Western, Central and Eastern Europe.

Warsaw Poland lacks a complete ring road system and most traffic goes directly through the city centre, leading to the eleventh highest level of congestion in Europe.

A2 motorway opened in June 2012, stretches west from Warsaw Poland and is a direct motorway connection with Lodz, Poznan and ultimately with Berlin.

Warsaw Poland is considered one of the European hubs of underground electronic music with a very attractive house and techno music scene.

Warsaw Poland is home to over 30 major theatres spread throughout the city, including the National Theatre and the Grand Theatre .

Much like Paris or Vienna, Warsaw Poland once possessed a prominent cafe culture which dated back to the early 18th century, and the city's cafeterias were a place for socializing.

The oldest existing armed seal of Warsaw Poland is from the year 1390, consisting of a round seal bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis Varsoviensis .

One of the most famous people born in Warsaw Poland was Maria Sklodowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity and was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize.

Nathan Alterman, the Israeli poet, was born in Warsaw Poland, as was Moshe Vilenski, the Israeli composer, lyricist, and pianist, who studied music at the Warsaw Poland Conservatory.

Notable sportspeople born in Warsaw Poland include footballer Robert Lewandowski and tennis player Iga Swiatek.