28 Facts About Dacians

Dacians were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea.

Dacians were known as Geta in Ancient Greek writings, and as Dacus or Getae in Roman documents, but as Dagae and Gaete as depicted on the late Roman map Tabula Peutingeriana.

Getae and Dacians were interchangeable terms, or used with some confusion by the Greeks.

Dio Cassius reported that the Dacians themselves used that name, and the Romans so called them, while the Greeks called them Getae.

The Dacians drove the Boii south across the Danube and out of their territory, at which point the Boii abandoned any further plans for invasion.

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North of the Danube, Dacians occupied a larger territory than Ptolemaic Dacia, stretching between Bohemia in the west and the Dnieper cataracts in the east, and up to the Pripyat, Vistula, and Oder rivers in the north and northwest.

Dacians trying to buy amnesty are depicted on Trajan's Column.

The Dacians retained their names and their own ways in the midst of the newcomers, and the region continued to exhibit Dacian characteristics.

The Dacians who survived the war are attested as revolting against the Roman domination in Dacia at least twice, in the period of time right after the Dacian Wars, and in a more determined manner in 117 AD.

Some Dacians were apparently expelled from the occupied zone at the end of each of the two Dacian Wars or otherwise emigrated.

However, that the Carpi were Dacians is shown not so much by the form ?a?p?da?a? in Zosimus as by their characteristic place-names in –dava, given by Ptolemy in their country.

Dacians are represented in the statues surmounting the Arch of Constantine and on Trajan's Column.

From roughly 500 BC, the Dacians developed a distinct civilization, which was capable of supporting large centralised kingdoms by 1st BC and 1st AD.

The first written mention of the name "Dacians" is in Roman sources, but classical authors are unanimous in considering them a branch of the Getae, a Thracian people known from Greek writings.

Geto-Dacians inhabited both sides of the Tisa River before the rise of the Celtic Boii, and again after the latter were defeated by the Dacians under king Burebista.

The Dacians absorbed the Celtic influence from the northwest in the early third century BC.

That the Dacians were of Thracian stock is not in doubt, and it is safe to assume that this new name encompassed the Agathyrsi, and perhaps other neighbouring Thracian people as well, as a result of some political upheaval.

The Carpi, often called "Free Dacians", continued to dominate the anti-Roman coalition made up of themselves, Taifali, Astringi, Vandals, Peucini, and Goths until 248, when the Goths assumed the hegemony of the loose coalition.

The peace agreement required the Dacians to cede some territory to the Romans and to demolish their fortifications.

Dacians returned with a newly constituted army and took Sarmizegetusa by treachery.

Dacians were divided into two classes: the aristocracy and the common people.

Chief occupations of the Dacians were agriculture, apiculture, viticulture, livestock, ceramics and metalworking.

Early in the 1st century BC, the Dacians replaced these with silver denarii of the Roman Republic, both official coins of Rome exported to Dacia, as well as locally made imitations of them.

Dacians had developed the murus dacicus characteristic to their complexes of fortified cities, like their capital Sarmisegetuza Regia in what is today Hunedoara County, Romania.

Dacians are generally considered to have been Thracian speakers, representing a cultural continuity from earlier Iron Age communities.

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Besides Zalmoxis, the Dacians believed in other deities, such as Gebeleizis, the god of storm and lightning, possibly related to the Thracian god Zibelthiurdos.

Dacians was represented as a handsome man, sometimes with a beard.

BVR indicates the name of the tribe or union of tribes, the Buridavensi Dacians who lived at Buridava and who were mentioned by Ptolemy in the second century AD under the name of Buridavensioi.