30 Facts About Elihu Root

Elihu Root was an American lawyer, Republican politician, and statesman who served as Secretary of State and Secretary of War in the early twentieth century.

Elihu Root is sometimes considered the prototype of the 20th century political "wise man, " advising presidents on a range of foreign and domestic issues.

Elihu Root served as president or chairman of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the Carnegie Institution of Washington, and the Carnegie Corporation of New York.

Elihu Root was a prominent opponent of women's suffrage and worked to ensure the New York state constitution allowed only men to vote.

Elihu Root favored a paternalistic approach to colonial administration, emphasizing technology, engineering, and disinterested public service.

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Elihu Root modernized the Army into a professional military apparatus comparable to the best in Europe.

Elihu Root modernized the consular service by minimizing patronage, promoted friendly relations with Latin America, and resolved frictions with Japan over the immigration of unskilled workers to the West Coast of the United States.

Elihu Root supported Wilson's vision of the League of Nations but with reservations along the lines proposed by Republican Senator Henry Cabot Lodge.

Elihu Root was born in Clinton, New York, to Oren Root and Nancy Whitney Buttrick, both of English descent.

On January 19,1898, Elihu Root was elected a member of the executive committee of the newly formed North American Trust Company.

Shortly after serving as a United States Senator, Elihu Root was elected as the 38th president of the American Bar Association.

Elihu Root was concerned about the new territories acquired after the Spanish–American War.

Elihu Root left the cabinet in 1904 and returned to private practice as a lawyer.

In January 1909, Root was elected by the legislature as a U S Senator from New York, serving from March 4,1909, to March 3,1915.

Elihu Root promoted the Preparedness Movement to get the United States ready for actual participation in the war.

At the Republican National Convention, Elihu Root reached his peak strength of 103 votes on the first ballot.

In June 1917, at age 72, Elihu Root headed a mission to Russia sent by President Wilson to arrange American co-operation with the Russian Provisional Government headed by Alexander Kerensky.

Elihu Root remained in Petrograd for close to a month and was not much impressed by what he saw.

Elihu Root was the founding chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations, established in 1918 in New York.

The United States never joined, but Elihu Root supported the League of Nations and served on the commission of jurists which created the Permanent Court of International Justice.

In 1922, when Root was 77, President Warren G Harding appointed him as a delegate to the Washington Naval Conference as part of an American team headed by Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes.

Elihu Root was a presidential elector for Calvin Coolidge in the 1924 presidential election.

Elihu Root worked with Andrew Carnegie in programs for international peace and the advancement of science, becoming the first president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

Elihu Root was among the founders of the American Law Institute in 1923 and helped create The Hague Academy of International Law in the Netherlands.

Elihu Root spoke in favor of war and in opposition to women's suffrage as head of the league.

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Elihu Root died in 1937 in New York City, with his family by his side.

Elihu Root was the last surviving member of the McKinley Cabinet and the last Cabinet member to have served in the 19th century.

Professor Alfred McCoy argues that Elihu Root was the first "foreign policy grandmaster" in American history and that Elihu Root more than any other figure is responsible for transforming America into a world power.

Elihu Root helped to ensure that powerful business interests and the intellectual elite supported an interventionist foreign policy.

Root joined the Empire State Society of the Sons of the American Revolution in 1895, based on his descent from Elihu Root, and was the second cousin twice removed of the publisher Henry Luce.