21 Facts About Khalji dynasty

Khalji or Khilji dynasty was a Turco-Afghan dynasty which ruled the Delhi sultanate, covering large parts of the Indian subcontinent for nearly three decades between 1290 and 1320.

Khaljis of the Khalji Dynasty were of Turko-Afghan origin whose ancestors, the Khalaj, are said to have been initially a Turkic people who migrated together with the Hunas and Hephthalites from Central Asia, into the southern and eastern regions of modern-day Afghanistan as early as 660CE, where they ruled the region of Kabul as the Buddhist Turk Shahis.

Khalji dynasty argues that no 13th century source refers to the Turkish background of the Khalji.

Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji dynasty, who was around 70 years old at the time of his ascension, was known as a mild-mannered, humble and kind monarch to the general public.

Khalji dynasty raided the Deccan peninsula and Deogiri - then the capital of the state of Maharashtra, looting their treasure.

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Khalji dynasty returned to Delhi in 1296, murdered Jalal-ud-din and assumed power as Sultan.

Khalji dynasty would appoint his Indo-Muslim allies such as Zafar Khan, Nusrat Khan, Ayn al Mulk Multani, Malik Karfur, Malik Tughlaq, and Malik Nayk who were famous warriors but non-Turks, which resulted in the emergence of an Indo-Muslim state.

Khalji dynasty's commanders collected war spoils from conquered kingdoms and paid khums on ghanima to Sultan's treasury, which helped strengthen the Khalji rule.

Khalji dynasty attacked and seized states of Ranthambhor, Chittorgarh, Malwa and plundered the wealthy state of Devagiri during his raids in south.

Historians note him as a tyrant, and that anyone Alauddin Khalji dynasty suspected of being a threat to this power was killed, along with the women and children of that family.

Khalji dynasty then looted the treasury in capitals and from the temples of south India.

In 1311, Alauddin ordered a massacre of Mongols in the Delhi Sultanate wherein between 15,000 and 30,000 Mongol settlers, who had recently converted to Islam, were killed after Khalji dynasty suspected them of plotting an uprising against him.

Alauddin Khalji dynasty changed the tax policies to strengthen his treasury to help pay the keep of his growing army and fund his wars of expansion.

Alauddin Khalji dynasty enforced four taxes on non-Muslims in the Sultanate - jizya, kharaj, kari, and chari.

Khalji dynasty decreed that his Delhi-based revenue officers assisted by local Muslim jagirdars, khuts, mukkadims, chaudharis and zamindars seize by force half of all produce any farmer generates, as a tax on standing crop, so as to fill sultanate granaries.

Khalji dynasty's officers enforced tax payment by beating up middlemen responsible for rural tax collection.

Price controls instituted by Khalji dynasty reduced prices, but lowered wages to a point where ordinary people did not benefit from the low prices.

Tax system introduced during the Khalji dynasty had a long term influence on Indian taxation system and state administration,.

Alauddin Khalji is credited with the early Indo-Mohammedan architecture, a style and construction campaign that flourished during Tughlaq dynasty.

Khusrau's adulation-filled narrative poetry has been used as a source of Khalji dynasty history, but this is a disputed source.

Three historical sources, composed 30 to 115 years after the end of Khalji dynasty, are considered more independent but questioned given the gap in time.