37 Facts About Tiruchirappalli

Tiruchirappalli, called Tiruchi or Trichy, is a major tier II city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Tiruchirappalli district.

Tiruchirappalli's recorded history begins in the 3rd century BC, when it was under the rule of the Cholas.

The most prominent historical monuments in Tiruchirappalli include the Rockfort at Teppakulam, the Ranganathaswamy temple at Srirangam dedicated to the reclining form of Hindu God Vishnu, and is the largest functioning temple in the world, and the Jambukeswarar temple at Thiruvanaikaval, which is the largest temple for the Hindu God Shiva in the world.

Tiruchirappalli is internationally known for a brand of cheroot known as the Trichinopoly cigar, which was exported in large quantities to the United Kingdom during the 19th century.

Tiruchirappalli is one of the oldest inhabited cities in Tamil Nadu and 3rd oldest city in India after Madurai and Varanasi; its earliest settlements date back to the Sangam period.

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Medieval history of Tiruchirappalli begins with the reign of the Pallava king Mahendravarman I, who ruled over South India in the 6th century AD and constructed the rock-cut cave-temples within the Rockfort.

Tiruchirappalli was ruled by the Delhi and Madurai sultanates from 1311 to 1378, but by the middle of the 14th century the Madurai Sultanate had begun to fall apart.

Gradually, the Vijayanagar Empire established supremacy over the northern parts of the kingdom, and Tiruchirappalli was taken by the Vijayanagar prince Kumara Kampanna Udaiyar in 1371.

Tiruchirappalli ruled the kingdom from 1736 to 1741, when he was captured and imprisoned by the Marathas in the siege of Tiruchirappalli led by general Raghuji Bhonsle under the orders of Chhattrapati Shahu.

Tiruchirappalli was administered by the Maratha general Murari Rao from 1741 to 1743, when it was acquired by the Nizam of Hyderabad, who bribed Rao to hand over the city.

Tiruchirappalli was invaded by Nanjaraja Wodeyar in 1753 and Hyder Ali of the Mysore kingdom in 1780, both attacks repulsed by the troops of the British East India Company.

Tiruchirappalli was the first headquarters for the newly formed South Indian Railway Company in 1874 until its relocation to Madras in the early 20th century.

Tiruchirappalli played an active role during the pre-independence era; there were a number of strikes and non-violent protests during the Quit India Movement, notably the South Indian Railway Strike that took place in 1928.

Tiruchirappalli was an epicentre of the anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu when a team of Tamil language supporters gathered and organised a rally from the city to Madras in 1938.

Later in 1965, Tiruchirappalli was made the base of the "Madras state Anti-Hindi Conference" convened by C Rajagopalachari.

The population of Tiruchirappalli continued to grow rapidly, achieving a growth rate of 36.

Tiruchirappalli remained a part of Madras State, which was renamed Tamil Nadu in 1969.

Tiruchirappalli is situated in central south-eastern India, almost at the geographic centre of the state of Tamil Nadu.

The topology of Tiruchirappalli is almost flat with an average elevation of 88 metres .

Roman Catholics in Tiruchirappalli are affiliated to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tiruchirapalli while Protestants are affiliated to the Trichy–Tanjore Diocese of the Church of South India.

Tiruchirappalli is part of the Tiruchirappalli Lok Sabha constituency and once every five years, elects a member to the Lok Sabha—the lower house of the Parliament of India.

In January 2010, Tiruchirappalli became the first city in India where open defecation was prevented in all its slums.

Under the ease of living index 2018 published by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Tiruchirappalli was ranked twelfth in India and first in Tamil Nadu among the 111 cities considered.

Tiruchirappalli comes under the Tiruchi Telecom District of the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, India's state-owned telecom and internet services provider.

Tiruchirappalli is one of the few cities in India where BSNL's Caller Line Identification -based internet service Netone is available.

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Tiruchirappalli has a regional passport office, the second in Tamil Nadu, which commenced its operations on 23 March 1983 bifurcated from Chennai region.

Tiruchirappalli is a major engineering equipment manufacturing and fabrication hub in India.

Once a part of the Chola kingdom, Tiruchirappalli has a number of exquisitely sculpted temples and fortresses.

Tiruchirappalli has been recognised in India as an important educational centre since the time of British rule.

The National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli established by the government in 1964 as the Regional Engineering College, has a campus at Thuvakudi on the outskirts of Tiruchirappalli.

The SRM Group of Colleges established the SRM Institute of Science and Technology at Irungalur near Tiruchirappalli; this was followed by Chennai Medical College and Hospital in 2007.

Tiruchirappalli hosted the Federation Cup, a knockout-style club football tournament in 1984 and an open chess tournament organised by FIDE in 2006.

Some important Tamil-language newspapers that publish a Tiruchirappalli edition are Dina Thanthi Dina Mani, Dina Malar, Malai Malar, Dinakaran, Tamil Murasu and Tamil Sudar.

Tiruchirappalli sits at the junction of two major National Highways—NH 45 and NH 67.

Tiruchirappalli suffers from traffic congestion mainly because of its narrow roads and absence of an integrated bus station.

Tiruchirappalli merged with the Carnatic Railway Company in 1874 to form the South Indian Railway Company with Tiruchirappalli as its headquarters.

Tiruchirappalli has rail connectivity with most important cities and towns in India.