29 Facts About Travancore

Kingdom of Travancore, known as the Kingdom of Thiruvithamkoor, was an Indian kingdom from c 1729 until 1949.

Travancore merged with the erstwhile princely state of Cochin to form Travancore-Cochin in 1950.

The Malayalam-speaking regions of Travancore-Cochin merged with the Malabar District and the Kasaragod taluk of the South Canara district in Madras State to form the modern Malayalam-state of Kerala on 1 November 1956, according to the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 passed by the Government of India.

Travancore was bounded by the princely state of the Kingdom of Cochin and the Coimbatore district of Madras Presidency to the north, Madurai and Tirunelveli districts of Pandya Nadu region in Madras Presidency to the east, the Indian Ocean to the south, and the Arabian Sea to the west.

The defeat of the Dutch by Travancore is considered the earliest example of an organised power from Asia overcoming European military technology and tactics.

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Travancore became the most dominant state in Kerala by defeating the powerful Zamorin of Kozhikode in the battle of Purakkad in 1755.

The Travancore Government took many progressive steps on the socio-economic front and during the reign of Maharajah Sri Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, Travancore became a prosperous modern princely state in British India, with reputed achievements in education, political administration, public work, and social reforms.

Kingdom of Travancore was located at the extreme southern tip of the Indian subcontinent.

Geographically, Travancore was divided into three climatically distinct regions: the eastern highlands, the central midlands, and the western lowlands.

Ancient political and cultural history of central and southern Travancore was almost entirely independent from that of the rest of Kerala.

Malayalam became more prevalent when Venad became Travancore by annexing the territories up to the present-day Ernakulam district.

The history of Travancore began with Marthanda Varma, who inherited the kingdom of Venad, and expanded it into Travancore during his reign.

In 1741, Travancore won the Battle of Colachel against the Dutch East India Company, resulting in the complete eclipse of Dutch power in the region.

Travancore became the most dominant state in the Kerala region by defeating the powerful Zamorin of Kozhikode in the battle of Purakkad in 1755.

Travancore was greatly assisted by a very efficient administrator, Raja Kesavadas, the Diwan of Travancore.

Travancore often allied with the English East India Company in military conflicts.

The allied East India Company army and the Travancore soldiers camped in Pappanamcode, just outside Trivandrum.

All Travancore kings including Sree Moolam Thirunal conducted the Hiranyagarbham and Tulapurushadaanam ceremonies.

Travancore started the industrialisation of the state, enhancing the role of the public sector.

Travancore introduced heavy industry in the state and established giant public sector undertakings.

Travancore established a new form of University Training Corps, viz.

On 1 July 1949 the Kingdom of Travancore was merged with the Kingdom of Cochin and the short-lived state of Travancore-Kochi was formed.

Travancore had ruled Travancore for 67 years and at his death was one of the few surviving rulers of a first-class princely state in the old British Raj.

Travancore was the last surviving Knight Grand Commander of both the Order of the Star of India and of the Order of the Indian Empire.

Travancore was succeeded as head of the Royal House as well as the Titular Maharajah of Travancore by his brother, Uthradom Thirunal Marthanda Varma.

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Under the direct control of the king, Travancore's administration was headed by a Dewan assisted by the Neetezhutthu Pillay or secretary, Rayasom Pillay and a number of Rayasoms or clerks along with Kanakku Pillamars.

Travancore had a population of 6,070,018 at the time of the 1941 Census of India.

Unlike the rest of India, Travancore divided the rupee into unique values, as represented on coins and stamps, as follows:.

Travancore was characterised by the popularity of its rulers among their subjects.