38 Facts About Chinese Indonesian

1.

Chinese people and their Indonesian descendants have lived in the Indonesian archipelago since at least the 13th century.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,564
2.

Term "Chinese Indonesian" has never been clearly defined, especially for the period before 1900.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,565
3.

The ethno-political category Han Chinese Indonesian was poorly defined before the rise of modern Chinese Indonesian nationalism in the late 19th century.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,566
4.

At its broadest, the term "Chinese Indonesian" is used to refer to anyone from, or having an ancestor from, the present-day territory of China.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,567
5.

Under the New Order of President Suharto, citizens of Chinese descent were formally classified as "Indonesian citizens of foreign descent".

FactSnippet No. 1,932,568
6.

The Chinese Indonesian Muslims were likely to have been absorbed into the majority Muslim population.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,569
7.

Distinct Chinese Indonesian colonies emerged in hundreds of ports throughout southeastern Asia, including the pepper port of Banten.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,570
8.

Some Chinese Indonesian traders avoided Portuguese Malacca after it fell to the Portuguese in the 1511 Capture of Malacca.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,571
9.

Many Chinese Indonesian cooperated with the Portuguese for the sake of trade.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,572
10.

Chinese Indonesian who married local Javanese women and converted to Islam created a distinct Chinese Indonesian Muslim Peranakan community in Java.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,573
11.

Chinese Indonesian rarely had to convert to Islam to marry Javanese abangan women but a significant amount of their offspring did, and Batavian Muslims absorbed the Chinese Indonesian Muslim community which was descended from converts.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,574
12.

An 1816 regulation introduced a requirement for the indigenous population and Chinese Indonesian traveling within the territory to obtain a travel permit.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,575
13.

The governor-general introduced a resolution in 1825 which forbade "foreign Asians in Java such as Malays, Buginese and Chinese Indonesian" from living within the same neighborhood as the native population.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,576
14.

Chinese Indonesian were perceived as temporary residents and encountered difficulties in obtaining land rights.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,577
15.

Short-term and renewable leases of varying lengths were later introduced as a temporary measure, but many Chinese Indonesian remained on these lands upon expiration of their contracts and became squatters.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,578
16.

Powerful Chinese Indonesian families were described as the 'Cabang Atas' of colonial society, forming influential bureaucratic and business dynasties, such as the Kwee family of Ciledug and the Tan family of Cirebon.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,579
17.

In western Borneo, the Chinese Indonesian established their first major mining settlement in 1760.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,580
18.

In 1851,28 Chinese Indonesian were recorded on the islands and, by 1915, the population had risen to nearly 40,000 and fishing and tobacco industries had developed.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,581
19.

Several years later, the Dutch authorities abandoned its segregation policies, abolished travel permits for the ethnic Chinese Indonesian, and allowed them to freely move throughout the colony.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,582
20.

The anti-Chinese Indonesian sentiment spread throughout Java in 1918 and led to violent attacks orchestrated by members of Sarekat Islam on the ethnic Chinese Indonesian in Kudus.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,583
21.

The ethnic Chinese Indonesian who followed its stream of thought refused any involvement with local institutions and would only participate in politics relating to mainland China.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,584
22.

Under the occupation ethnic Chinese Indonesian communities were attacked by Japanese forces, in part owing to suspicions that they contained sympathizers of the Kuomintang as a consequence of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,585
23.

Ethnic Chinese Indonesian born in the Dutch East Indies whose parents were domiciled under Dutch administration were regarded as citizens of the new state according to the principle of jus soli, or "right of the soil".

FactSnippet No. 1,932,586
24.

However, Chinese Indonesian law considered a person as a Chinese Indonesian citizen according to the principle of jus sanguinis, or right of blood.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,587
25.

When Baperki was branded a communist organization in 1965 the ethnic Chinese Indonesian were implicated by association; this was exacerbated in the public mind by the People's Republic of China's communism.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,588
26.

The economic role of the ethnic Chinese Indonesian was contradictory because it did not translate to acceptance of their status in the greater society.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,589
27.

The second abolished the ban on the study of Mandarin Chinese Indonesian and reaffirmed a 1996 instruction that abolished the use of the SBKRI to identify citizens of Chinese Indonesian descent.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,590
28.

Australian scholar Charles Coppel believes Chinese Indonesian migrants constitute a large majority of returned overseas Chinese living in Hong Kong.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,591
29.

Ethnic Chinese Indonesian businesses persisted, owing to their integration into larger networks throughout Southeast Asia, and their dominance continued despite continuous state and private efforts to encourage the growth of indigenous capital.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,592
30.

Indonesian Chinese businesses are part of the larger bamboo network, a network of overseas Chinese businesses operating in the markets of Southeast Asia that share common family and cultural ties.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,593
31.

Ethnic Chinese Indonesian capitalists, called the, were supported by the military, which emerged as the dominant political force after 1965.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,594
32.

The image of an economically powerful ethnic Chinese Indonesian community was further fostered by the government through its inability to dissociate itself from the patronage networks.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,595
33.

Between the 18th and early 20th centuries, ethnic Chinese Indonesian communities were dominated by the "peranakan" presence.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,596
34.

Furthermore, although the Dutch colonial government first introduced the Malay orthography in 1901, Chinese Indonesian newspapers did not follow this standard until after independence.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,597
35.

Chinese Indonesian is well known in Indonesia for his martial art fiction set in the background of China or Java.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,598
36.

The later ban on the public use of Chinese language meant that imported films and television programs were required to be dubbed in English with subtitles in Indonesian.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,599
37.

Various forms of Chinese Indonesian architecture exist throughout Indonesia with marked differences between urban and rural areas and among the different islands.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,600
38.

The policies implemented by the New Order government which prohibited the public display of Chinese Indonesian culture have accelerated the transition toward local and Western architecture.

FactSnippet No. 1,932,601