57 Facts About Individualist anarchism

Individualist anarchism is the branch of anarchism that emphasizes the individual and their will over external determinants such as groups, society, traditions and ideological systems.

Mutualism, an economic theory particularly influential within individualist anarchism whose pursued liberty has been called the synthesis of communism and property, has been considered sometimes part of individualist anarchism and other times part of social anarchism.

Individualist anarchism anarchists are opposed to property that gives privilege and is exploitative, seeking to "destroy the tyranny of capital – that is, of property" by mutual credit.

Individualist anarchism represents a group of several traditions of thought and individualist philosophies within the anarchist movement.

The very idea of an individualist–socialist divide is contested as individualist anarchism is largely socialistic and can be considered a form of individualist socialism, with non-Lockean individualism encompassing socialism.

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Individualist anarchism is the basis of most anarchist schools of thought, influencing nearly all anarchist tendencies and having contributed to much of anarchist discourse.

Murray Rothbard, the founder of anarcho-capitalism, argued that individualist anarchism is different from anarcho-capitalism and other capitalist theories due to the individualist anarchists retaining the labor theory of value and socialist economics.

Term individualist anarchism is often used as a classificatory term, but in very different ways.

However most do not consider anarcho-capitalism as part of the anarchist movement because Individualist anarchism has historically been an anti-capitalist movement and anarchists reject that it is compatible with capitalism.

Liberty insisted on "the abolition of the State and the abolition of usury; on no more government of man by man, and no more exploitation of man by man" and Individualist anarchism is "the abolition of the State and the abolition of usury".

Individualist anarchism believed democracy to be preferable to other forms of government.

Individualist anarchism generally called the former "possession" and the latter "property".

Individualist anarchism advocated an economic system that included private property as possession and exchange market, but without profit, which he called mutualism.

In Russia, individualist anarchism inspired by Stirner combined with an appreciation for Friedrich Nietzsche attracted a small following of bohemian artists and intellectuals such as Lev Chernyi as well as a few lone wolves who found self-expression in crime and violence.

Individualist anarchism put his theories to the test by establishing an experimental "labor for labor store" called the Cincinnati Time Store where trade was facilitated by notes backed by a promise to perform labor.

Individualist anarchism is best known for his book Walden, a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings; and his essay, Civil Disobedience, an argument for individual resistance to civil government in moral opposition to an unjust state.

Individualist anarchism's thought is an early influence on green anarchism, but with an emphasis on the individual experience of the natural world influencing later naturist currents, simple living as a rejection of a materialist lifestyle and self-sufficiency were Thoreau's goals and the whole project was inspired by transcendentalist philosophy.

The American version of individualist anarchism has a strong emphasis on the non-aggression principle and individual sovereignty.

In France, there was feminist activity inside individualist anarchism as promoted by individualist feminists Marie Kuge, Anna Mahe, Rirette Maitrejean and Sophia Zaikovska.

Individualist anarchism wrote for the Spanish individualist anarchist magazine Al Margen alongside Miguel Gimenez Igualada.

Individualist anarchism saw mutualism as the synthesis of "liberty and order".

Individualist anarchism developed a "mutualist" theory of unions and as such was active within the Knights of Labor and later promoted anti-political strategies in the American Federation of Labor.

Italian anti-organizationalist individualist anarchism was brought to the United States by Italian born individualists such as Giuseppe Ciancabilla and others who advocated for violent propaganda by the deed there.

Individualist anarchism took the pseudonym Brand from a fictional character in one of Henrik Ibsen's plays.

Individualist anarchism lived from the 1920s onwards in New York City, where he edited the individualist anarchist eclectic journal Eresia in 1928.

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Individualist anarchism wrote for other American anarchist publications such as L' Adunata dei refrattari, Cultura Obrera, Controcorrente and Intesa Libertaria.

Individualist anarchism's written works include The Totalitarian Nightmare, The Lunacy of the Superman, Adventures in the Country of the Monoliths and Freedom: My Dream.

European individualist anarchism proceeded from the roots laid by William Godwin, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and Max Stirner.

Individualist anarchism expanded and diversified through Europe, incorporating influences from North American individualist anarchism.

Individualist anarchism's ideal was an anti-elitist aestheticism: "All men should be artists".

Individualist anarchism defended an anarchist perspective which consisted on "a collectivism of things and an individualism of persons".

Individualist anarchism fused Stirnerist egoism with the positions of Benjamin Tucker and actually translated Tucker into German.

The theoretical seeds of current insurrectionary anarchism were already laid out at the end of 19th century Italy in a combination of individualist anarchism criticism of permanent groups and organization with a socialist class struggle worldview.

Individualist anarchism collaborated in numerous anarchist journals and participated in futurism avant-garde currents.

Individualist anarchism gained media notoriety mainly due to his many bank robberies through Italy and other countries.

Individualist anarchism was one of the three categories of anarchism in Russia, along with the more prominent anarcho-communism and anarcho-syndicalism.

Individualist anarchism died after being accused of participation in an episode in which this group bombed the headquarters of the Moscow Committee of the Communist Party.

Individualist anarchism wrote among other theoretical works Anarkhizm in 1918, just after the October Revolution; and Anarchism and Law.

Individualist anarchism participated in the publishing of another individualist anarchist maganize Al Margen: Publicacion quincenal individualista.

Individualist anarchism's thought was deeply influenced by Max Stirner, of which he was the main popularizer in Spain through his own writings.

Individualist anarchism published and wrote the preface to the fourth edition in Spanish of The Ego and Its Own from 1900.

Individualist anarchism proposed the creation of a "Union of egoists" to be a federation of individualist anarchists in Spain, but it did not succeed.

Individualist anarchism saw science and reason as a defense against blind servitude to authority.

Individualist anarchism was critical of influential individualist thinkers such as Nietzsche and Stirner for promoting an asocial egoist individualism and instead promoted an individualism with solidarity seen as a way to guarantee social equality and harmony.

Individualist anarchism was highly critical of anarcho-syndicalism, which he viewed as plagued by excessive bureaucracy; and he thought that it tended towards reformism.

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Individualist anarchism supported and participated in the establishment of the IAF in 1927.

Individualist anarchism was present in the First Congress of the Mexican Anarchist Federation in 1945.

Individualist anarchism wrote "Politics of the Ego: Stirner's Critique of Liberalism".

Individualist anarchism visited more than fifty countries propagandizing for anarchism which in his case was highly influenced by the thought of Stirner and Nietszche.

Individualist anarchism's ideas regarding education were largely influenced by Francisco Ferrer.

Individualist anarchism later moved to Sao Paulo and became involved in journalism for the anarchist and labor press.

Individualist anarchism's thought was mainly influenced by individualist anarchists such as Han Ryner and Emile Armand.

Individualist anarchism argued that since the individual gives form to the world, he is those objects, the others and the whole universe.

George Bernard Shaw initially had flirtations with individualist anarchism before coming to the conclusion that it was "the negation of socialism, and is, in fact, unsocialism carried as near to its logical conclusion as any sane man dare carry it".

Rothbard argued that individualist anarchism is different from anarcho-capitalism and other capitalist theories due to the individualist anarchists retaining the labor theory of value and socialist economics.

Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism writes that "[a]s Benjamin Franks rightly points out, individualisms that defend or reinforce hierarchical forms such as the economic-power relations of anarcho-capitalism are incompatible with practices of social Individualist anarchism based on developing immanent goods which contest such as inequalities".

Davis writes that "Franks asserts without supporting evidence that most major forms of individualist anarchism have been largely anarcho-capitalist in content, and concludes from this premise that most forms of individualism are incompatible with anarchism".