15 Facts About Kalyani Chalukyas

The dynasty is called Western Kalyani Chalukyas to differentiate from the contemporaneous Eastern Kalyani Chalukyas of Vengi, a separate dynasty.

Kalyani Chalukyas's exploits were not limited to the south for even as a prince, during the rule of Someshvara I, he had led successful military campaigns as far east as modern Bihar and Bengal.

Western Kalyani Chalukyas developed an architectural style known today as a transitional style, an architectural link between the style of the early Chalukya dynasty and that of the later Hoysala empire.

The earliest record is dated 957, during the rule of Tailapa II when the Western Kalyani Chalukyas were still a feudatory of the Rashtrakutas and Tailapa II governed from Tardavadi in present-day Bijapur district, Karnataka.

In 1007 CE Chola crown-prince Rajendra Chola I invaded Western Kalyani Chalukyas and had a battle with Western Chalukya Emperor Satyashraya at Donur in Bijapur district of Karnataka.

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Kalyani Chalukyas retained this territory for many years despite ongoing hostilities with the Cholas.

In 1157 the Kalachuris of Kalyanis under Bijjala II captured Kalyani and occupied it for the next twenty years, forcing the Chalukyas to move their capital to Annigeri in the present day Dharwad district.

Kalyani Chalukyas defeated Chalukya Someshvara IV and Seuna Bhillama V bringing large regions in the Krishna River valley under the Hoysala domains, but was unsuccessful against Kalachuris.

Western Kalyani Chalukyas minted punch-marked gold pagodas with Kannada and Nagari legends which were large, thin gold coins with several varying punch marks on the obverse side.

The Western Kalyani Chalukyas controlled most of South India's west coast and by the 10th century they had established extensive trade ties with the Tang Empire of China, the empires of Southeast Asia and the Abbasid Caliphate in Bhagdad, and by the 12th-century Chinese fleets were frequenting Indian ports.

Kalyani Chalukyas later wrote Sribhashya, a commentary on Badarayana Brahmasutra, a critique on the Advaita philosophy of Adi Shankara.

Kalyani Chalukyas was bestowed the title "Emperor among poets" by King Tailapa II and has five major works to his credit.

Kalyani Chalukyas wrote Ajitha purana in 993 describing the life of the second Tirthankara, Ajitanatha.

The art of the Western Kalyani Chalukyas is sometimes called the "Gadag style" after the number of ornate temples they built in the Tungabhadra River-Krishna River doab region of present-day Gadag district in Karnataka.

The Western Kalyani Chalukyas built temples in Badami and Aihole during their early phase of temple building activity, such as Mallikarjuna Temple, the Yellamma Temple and the Bhutanatha group of Temples.