50 Facts About Montreal

The city is centred on the Island of Montreal, which obtained its name from the same origin as the city, and a few much smaller peripheral islands, the largest of which is Ile Bizard.

Montreal is one of the most bilingual cities in Quebec and Canada, with 58.

Montreal is the location of the headquarters of the International Civil Aviation Organization, and was named a UNESCO City of Design in 2006.

In 2017, Montreal was ranked the 12th-most liveable city in the world by the Economist Intelligence Unit in its annual Global Liveability Ranking, although it slipped to rank 40 in the 2021 index, primarily due to stress on the healthcare system from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Montreal has hosted multiple international conferences and events, including the 1967 International and Universal Exposition and the 1976 Summer Olympics.

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In 1689, the English-allied Iroquois attacked Lachine on the Island of Montreal, committing the worst massacre in the history of New France.

The Canadian territory was ruled as a French colony until 1760, when Montreal fell to a British offensive during the Seven Years' War.

Ville-Marie was the name for the settlement that appeared in all official documents until 1705, when Montreal appeared for the first time, although people referred to the "Island of Montreal" long before then.

Montreal was the capital of the Province of Canada from 1844 to 1849, but lost its status when a Tory mob burnt down the Parliament building to protest the passage of the Rebellion Losses Bill.

Montreal was the official residence of the Luxembourg royal family in exile during World War II.

Montreal held the World's Fair of 1967, better known as Expo67.

Montreal was the site of the 1989 Ecole Polytechnique massacre, one of Canada's worst mass shootings, where 25-year-old Marc Lepine shot and killed 14 people, all of them women, and wounding 14 other people before shooting himself at Ecole Polytechnique.

Montreal was merged with the 27 surrounding municipalities on the Island of Montreal on January 1, 2002, creating a unified city encompassing the entire island.

Montreal annexed 27 other cities, towns and villages beginning with Hochelaga in 1883, with the last prior to 2002 being Pointe-aux-Trembles in 1982.

Montreal is defined by its location between the Saint Lawrence river to its south and the Riviere des Prairies to its north.

Montreal is at the centre of the Montreal Metropolitan Community, and is bordered by the city of Laval to the north; Longueuil, Saint-Lambert, Brossard, and other municipalities to the south; Repentigny to the east and the West Island municipalities to the west.

Montreal is classified as a warm-summer humid continental climate.

Saint Joseph's Oratory, completed in 1967, Ernest Cormier's Art Deco Universite de Montreal main building, the landmark Place Ville Marie office tower, the controversial Olympic Stadium and surrounding structures, are but a few notable examples of the city's 20th-century architecture.

Montreal Metro has public artwork by some of the biggest names in Quebec culture.

In 2006 Montreal was named a UNESCO City of Design, one of only three design capitals of the world.

Old Montreal is accessible from the downtown core via the underground city and is served by several STM bus routes and Metro stations, ferries to the South Shore and a network of bicycle paths.

The new Port of Montreal is Canada's largest container port and the largest inland port on Earth.

Greater Montreal Area is predominantly Catholic; however, weekly attendance in Quebec was among the lowest in Canada in 1998.

Montreal has the second-largest economy of Canadian cities based on GDP and the largest in Quebec.

In 2002, Montreal was the fourth-largest centre in North America in terms of aerospace jobs.

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Montreal is a global hub for artificial intelligence research with many companies involved in this sector, such as Facebook AI Research, Microsoft Research, Google Brain, DeepMind, Samsung Research and Thales Group (cortAIx).

Many foreign subsidiaries operating in the financial sector have offices in Montreal, including HSBC, Aon, Societe Generale, BNP Paribas and AXA.

Several companies are headquartered in Greater Montreal Area including Rio Tinto Alcan, Bombardier Inc, Canadian National Railway, CGI Group, Air Canada, Air Transat, CAE, Saputo, Cirque du Soleil, Stingray Group, Quebecor, Ultramar, Kruger Inc, Jean Coutu Group, Uniprix, Proxim, Domtar, Le Chateau, Power Corporation, Cellcom Communications, Bell Canada.

Montreal Oil Refining Centre is the largest refining centre in Canada, with companies like Petro-Canada, Ultramar, Gulf Oil, Petromont, Ashland Canada, Parachem Petrochemical, Coastal Petrochemical, Interquisa Petrochemical, Nova Chemicals, and more.

Montreal'sll decided to close the refining centre in 2010, throwing hundreds out of work and causing an increased dependence on foreign refineries for eastern Canada.

Montreal was referred to as "Canada's Cultural Capital" by Monocle magazine.

Montreal was designated as the World Book Capital for the year 2005 by UNESCO.

The city of Montreal is widely recognized for its diverse and vibrant night life, which is considered a vital part of the local cultural ecosystem.

Subsequent writers of fiction who have set their work in Montreal have included Mordecai Richler, Claude Jasmin, Francine Noel, and Heather O'Neill, among many others.

The professional hockey team, the Montreal Canadiens, is one of the Original Six teams of the National Hockey League, and has won an NHL-record 24 Stanley Cup championships.

Montreal is the site of a high-profile auto racing event each year: the Canadian Grand Prix of Formula One racing.

Montreal hosted the first ever World Outgames in the summer of 2006, attracting over 16, 000 participants engaged in 35 sporting activities.

Montreal was the host city for the 17th unicycling world championship and convention in August 2014.

Montreal is Canada's second-largest media market, and the centre of francophone Canada's media industry.

Montreal has numerous weekly tabloids and community newspapers serving various neighbourhoods, ethnic groups and schools.

Montreal is the seat of the judicial district of Montreal, which includes the city and the other communities on the island.

The major criminal organizations active in Montreal are the Rizzuto crime family, Hells Angels and West End Gang.

French-language elementary and secondary public schools in Montreal are operated by the Centre de services scolaire de Montreal, Centre de services scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys and the Centre de services scolaire de la Pointe-de-l'Ile.

English-language elementary and secondary public schools on Montreal Island are operated by the English Montreal School Board and the Lester B Pearson School Board.

The Faculte de theologie evangelique is Nova Scotia's Acadia University Montreal based serving French Protestant community in Canada by offering both a Bachelor and a Master program in theology.

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Island of Montreal is a hub for the Quebec Autoroute system, and is served by Quebec Autoroutes A-10, A-15 (aka the Decarie Expressway south of the A-40 and the Laurentian Autoroute to the north of it), A-13 (aka Chomedey Autoroute), A-20, A-25, A-40 (part of the Trans-Canada Highway system, and known as "The Metropolitan" or simply "The Met" in its elevated mid-town section), A-520 and R-136 (aka the Ville-Marie Autoroute).

Montreal has two international airports, one for passengers only, the other for cargo.

Montreal-based Via Rail Canada provides rail service to other cities in Canada, particularly to Quebec City and Toronto along the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor.

Montreal-based CN was formed in 1919 by the Canadian government following a series of country-wide rail bankruptcies.

City of Montreal is world-renowned for being in the top 20 most cyclist-friendly cities around the globe.