53 Facts About Multan

Multan is a city and capital of Multan Division located in Punjab, Pakistan.

Multan was one of the most important trading centres of medieval Islamic India, and attracted a multitude of Sufi mystics in the 11th and 12th centuries, earning the city the sobriquet "City of Saints".

Multan was founded by great grandson of Prophet Noah according to Persian historian Firishta.

Ancient Multan was the centre of a solar-worshipping tradition that was based at the ancient Multan Sun Temple.

Multan is believed to have been the Malli capital that was conquered by Alexander the Great in 326 BCE as part of the Mallian Campaign.

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Multan told them that if Muhammad's army were to block that canal, Multan would be under their control.

The 10th century Persian geographer Estakhri noted that the city of Multan was approximately half the size of Sindh's capital Mansura, but had more population, which along with Multan were the only two Arab principalities in South Asia.

Arabic was spoken in both cities, though the inhabitants of Multan were reported by Estakhri to have been speakers of Persian, reflecting the importance of trade with Khorasan.

Multan destroyed the Ismaili congregational mosque that had been built above the ruins of the Multan Sun Temple, and restored the city's old Sunni congregational mosque, built by Muhammad bin Qasim.

In 1175, Muhammad Ghori conquered Ismaili-ruled Multan, after having invaded the region via the Gomal Pass from Afghanistan into Punjab, and used the city as a springboard for his unsuccessful campaign into Gujarat in 1178.

Multan was then annexed to the Ghurid Sultanate, and became an administrative province of the Delhi's Mamluk Dynasty — the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.

Multan repulsed a 40-day siege imposed on Multan city by Mongol forces who attempted to conquer the city.

Multan gathered a large army from Uch, Multan and Bukkhar and Mongols were repulsed.

Multan then fell to the Qarlughids in 1249, but was captured by Sher Khan that same year.

Multan was then conquered by Izz al-Din Balban Kashlu Khan in 1254, before he rebelled against Sultan Ghiyas ud din Balban in 1257 and fled to Iraq where he joined Mongol forces and captured Multan again, and dismantled its city walls.

Multan at the time was the gateway to India and was a center of knowledge and learning.

Multan was the founder of the Turkic Tughluq dynasty, the third dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.

Multan wrote in the jamia Masjid of Multan that he had fought 28 battles against Mongols and had survived, people gave him the title Ghazi ul Mulk.

The countryside around Multan was recorded to have been devastated by excessively high taxes imposed during the reign of Ghiyath's son, Muhammad Tughluq.

Multan had been noted to be a centre for slave-trade, though slavery was banned in the late 1300s by Muhammad Tughluq's son, Firuz Shah Tughlaq.

Multan then passed to the Langah, who established the Langah Sultanate in Multan under the rule of Budhan Khan, who assumed the title Mahmud Shah.

Multan experienced prosperity during this time, and a large number of Baloch settlers arrived in the city at the invitation of Shah Husayn.

Multan served as medieval Islamic India's trans-regional mercantile centre for trade with the Islamic world.

The renowned Arab explorer Ibn Battuta visited Multan in the 1300s during the reign of Muhammad Tughluq, and noted that Multan was a trading centre for horses imported from as far away as the Russian Steppe.

Multan had been noted to be a centre for slave-trade, though slavery was banned in the late 1300s by Muhammad Tughluq's son, Firuz Shah Tughlaq.

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Multan would remain an important trading centre until the city was ravaged by repeated invasions in the 18th and 19th centuries in the post-Mughal era.

In 1627, Multan was encircled by walls that were built on the order of Murad Baksh, son of Shah Jahan.

Multan witnessed difficult times as the Mughal Empire waned in power following the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707.

Under Mughal rule, Multan enjoyed 200 years of peace in a time when the city became known as Dar al-Aman .

Multan was a centre for currency minting, as well as tile-making during the Mughal era.

Multan was host to the offices of many commercial enterprises during the Mughal era, even in times when the Mughals were in control of the even more coveted city of Kandahar, given the unstable political situation resulting from frequent contestation of Kandadar with the Persian Safavid Empire.

In 1818, the armies of Kharak Singh and Misr Diwan Chand lay around Multan without making much initial headway, until Ranjit Singh dispatched the massive Zamzama cannon, which quickly led to disintegration of the Multan's defences.

Conquest of Multan established Ranjit Singh's superiority over the Afghans and ended their influence in this part of the Punjab.

Multan was assassinated in 1844, and succeeded by his son Diwan Mulraj Chopra, who unlike his father was seen as a despotic ruler by the local inhabitants.

The Multan Revolt triggered the start of the Second Anglo-Sikh War, during which the sajjada nashin of the Shrine of Bahauddin Zakariya sided with the British to help defeat the Sikh rebels.

On 22 January 1849, the British had breached the walls of the Multan Fort, leading to the surrender of Mulraj and his forces to the British.

Multan lost its very important position as soon as the British stronghold over the sub-continent grew stronger and stronger.

When independence was achieved in 1947 Multan was a forgotten region.

Multan is located in Punjab, and covers an area of 227 square kilometres .

Multan is located in a bend created by five rivers of central Pakistan.

Multan is known for having some of the hottest weather in Pakistan.

Unlike those cities, Multan has lost its royal citadel, as it was largely destroyed by the British in 1848, which negatively impacted the urban fabric of the city.

In 2005 Multan was reorganised as a City District composed of six autonomous towns:.

Multan is connected to operational motorways M4 on northside connecting to Faisalabad and M5 on south side connecting Sukkar.

Multan is situated along the under-construction 6-lane Karachi–Lahore Motorway connecting Southern and northern Pakistan that is being built as part of the $54 billion China Pakistan Economic Corridor.

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Multan is connected to the city of Faisalabad via the M-4 motorway, which in turn is connected to the M-1 and M-2 motorways that provide access to Islamabad and Peshawar.

Multan is connected by rail with all parts of the country and lies on the main track between Karachi, Peshawar, Lahore and Quetta.

The Main Line-1 Railway that links Karachi and Peshawar passes through Multan district is being overhauled as part of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor.

Multan Metrobus is a bus rapid transit line which commenced service in January 2017, at a cost of 28.

The Multan Metrobus is planned to ultimately have total of 4 BRT lines covering 68.

Ibn-e-Qasim Bagh Stadium is the other stadium in Multan which is usually used for football along with other sports activities.

Multan is home to the Multan Sultans, the franchise of Pakistan Super League founded in 2018.

Multan has produced many international cricketers like Inzamam-ul-Haq, Sohaib Maqsood, Rahat Ali, Asmavia Iqbal and Sania Khan.