Pahang officially Pahang Darul Makmur with the Arabic honorific Darul Makmur is a sultanate and a federal state of Malaysia.
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The state religion of Pahang is Islam, but grants freedom to manifest other religions in its territory.
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Pahang is categorised as medium ethnically diverse state with 0.
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In 1895, Pahang became a British protectorate along with the states of Perak, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan.
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The term 'Pahang' in referring to the kingdom thus, is thought to originate from the name of Pahang River.
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Early iron civilisation in Pahang that began around the beginning of Common Era is associated by prehistorians with the late neolithic culture.
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Ancient gold workings in Pahang are thought to date back to this early Iron Age as well.
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Ancient settlements in Pahang can be traced from Tembeling to as far south as Merchong.
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Old Pahang Sultanate centred in modern-day Pekan was established in the 15th century.
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At the height of its influence, the Sultanate was an important power in Southeast Asian history and controlled the entire Pahang basin, bordering to the north, the Pattani Sultanate, and adjoins to that of Johor Sultanate to the south.
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Pahang joined forces with his successor, Alauddin Riayat Shah II who established himself in Johor to expel the Portuguese from the Malay Peninsula.
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In 1615, the Acehnese under Iskandar Muda invaded Pahang, forcing Alauddin Riayat Shah to retreat into the interiors.
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The area around Pahang formed a part of the hereditary domains attached to this title and administered directly by the Raja Bendahara.
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Pahang was able to maintain peace and stability during his reign, but his death in 1857 precipitated civil war between his sons.
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Pahang served as the last Raja Bendahara, and was proclaimed Sultan of Pahang by his chiefs in 1881.
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Geographically diverse, Pahang occupies the vast Pahang River basin, which is enclosed by the Titiwangsa Range to the west and the eastern highlands to the north.
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Pahang is divided into three ecoregions, the freshwater systems, the lowlands and highlands rainforests and the coastline.
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Pahang is home to Malaysia's two important national parks, Taman Negara and Endau-Rompin, both located in the north and south of the state respectively.
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Pahang's long, scenic coastline is a paradise of swaying palms and sandy beaches like Cherating, Teluk Cempedak, Beserah, Batu Hitam and Tanjung Sepat.
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In spite off increasing land conversion, rapid industrialisation and a rising population, Pahang has a very extensive system of protected and managed areas of natural resources.
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Elsewhere, most of the dryland forest in Pahang is on steep slopes and therefore has both catchment protection and slope protection functions.
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Pahang River is the longest river in the Peninsula, and from its headwaters to the estuary it includes virtually all of the natural river types.
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The huge network of rivers in Pahang is home to freshwater aquatic biodiversity, important to the economy of the state.
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Pahang was proclaimed as Sultan on 15 January 2019, succeeding his father, Ahmad Shah, whose abdication was decided at a Royal Council meeting on 11 January.
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Succession order to the throne of Pahang is generally determined roughly by agnatic primogeniture.
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The Sultan of Pahang appoints the Mentri Besar and the rest of the council from the members of the State Assembly.
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Pahang's constitution empowers the Sultan as the head of Islam and Malay customs in the state.
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State council known as Majlis Ugama Islam dan Adat Resam Melayu Pahang is responsible in advising the ruler as well as regulating both Islamic affairs and adat.
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Pahang is divided into 11 administrative districts, which in turn divided into 66 mukims.
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Local governments in Pahang consist of 3 municipal councils and 8 district councils.
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Administrative divisions in Pahang are originated from the time of the old Pahang Sultanate, whereby territorial magnates appointed by the Sultan to administer the historical divisions of the state.
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Pahang is subordinated to a Penghulu, the head of the mukim, who in turn subordinated to the district officer.
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The main power plant in Pahang is located in Cameron Highlands with installed capacity 250 MW that generates about 643 GWh of hydroelectricity.
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In 2016, the household internet broadband penetration per 100 inhabitants in Pahang was relatively high among states of the east coast, but was lower than Malaysian national figure, 71.
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Cellular coverage expansion in Pahang is served by 207 communication towers, with 3G mobile broadband coverage has been expanded to 150 sites and LTE mobile broadband to 42 sites respectively.
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Much like many former British protectorates, Pahang uses a dual carriageway with the left-hand traffic rule.
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The primary route in Pahang is the East Coast Expressway, which is the extension of Kuala Lumpur–Karak Expressway, that connects the east coast and the west coast of the Peninsular Malaysia.
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The only airport in Pahang is Sultan Ahmad Shah Airport, known as Kuantan Airport.
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Pahang population has benefited from a well- developed Malaysian health care system, good access to clean water and sanitation, and strong social and economic programmes.
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Public healthcare system in Pahang is provided by five specialist government hospitals; Tengku Ampuan Afzan Hospital, Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Hospital, Bentong Hospital, Kuala Lipis Hospital and Pekan Hospital, as well as other district hospitals, public health clinics, 1Malaysia clinics, and rural clinics.
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Pahang is home to private universities like DRB-Hicom University of Automotive Malaysia and Universiti Tenaga Nasional Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Campus.
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Pahang population is distributed over a large area resulting in the state having the second lowest population density in the country after Sarawak, with only 42people per km.
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Pahang is categorised as medium ethnically diverse state with 0.
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The Orang Asli in Pahang is grouped into 3 large groups; Negrito, Senoi and Proto Malay.
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Constitution of Pahang established Islam as a state religion, but grants freedom to manifest other religions in its territory.
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Pahang's constitution empowers the Sultan as the head of Islam and Malay customs in the state.
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State council known as Majlis Ugama Islam dan Adat Resam Melayu Pahang is responsible in advising the ruler as well as regulating both Islamic affairs and adat.
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Malay language spoken in Pahang can be further divided into several varieties of Malay dialects.
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Pahang Malay is the most dominant Malay dialect spoken along the vast riverine systems of Pahang, but it co-exists with other Malay dialects traditionally spoken in the state.
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Pahang is home to majority of Orang Asli languages, mostly belong to Aslian branch of Austroasiatic such as Semai, Batek, Semoq Beri, Jah Hut, Temoq, Che Wong, Semelai, Temiar and Mendriq.
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Malayic cultures flourished during Srivijayan era, and Malayisation intensified after Pahang was established as a Malay-Muslim Sultanate in 1470.
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Forms of ritual theatre amongst the Pahang Malays include the Main Puteri, Saba and many forms of Ugam performances.
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Pahang performing arts include some native dance forms like Limbung, Labi-Labi, Pelanduk and Indung.
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Pahang has a strong oral tradition that has existed since before the arrival of writing, and continues today.
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One of the most famous gulai in Pahang that has been established as the signature dish of the state, is Gulai Tempoyak Patin.
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Hari Hol Pahang is a public holiday commemorating the death date of the former Sultan Abu Bakar.
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Hindus in Pahang celebrate Deepavali, the festival of lights, while Thaipusam, although an important federal public holiday, is not gazetted as state public holiday.
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Sports in Pahang is administered through the State Youth and Sports Committee, chaired by a member of State Executive Council.
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The Youth and Sports Department of Pahang is a state branch of the National Department of Youth and Sports, a department under Ministry of Youth and Sports.
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Silat Melayu practised in Pahang are diverse, with vast differences in training tools, methods and philosophy across different schools and styles.
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The top five most visited places by Malaysians in Pahang were Cameron Highlands, Genting Highlands, Teluk Cempedak, Gambang Water Park and Cherating.
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Pahang contains three of Peninsular Malaysia's major hill stations, at Cameron Highlands, Fraser's Hill and Genting Highlands.
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