43 Facts About Perak

Perak is a state of Malaysia on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula.

Perak has land borders with the Malaysian states of Kedah to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, and Selangor to the south.

Discovery of an ancient skeleton in Perak supplied missing information on the migration of Homo sapiens from mainland Asia through Southeast Asia to the Australian continent.

The first organised local government systems to emerge in Perak were the Manjung government and several other governments in Central and Hulu Perak under Raja Roman and Tun Saban.

Perak ascended to the throne as Muzaffar Shah I, first sultan of Perak, after surviving the capture of Malacca by the Portuguese in 1511 and living quietly for a period in Siak on the island of Sumatra.

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Perak became sultan through the efforts of Tun Saban, a local leader and trader between Perak and Klang.

Perak's administration became more organised after the Sultanate was established.

The Sultanate of Perak was left without a ruling monarch, and Perak nobles journeyed to Aceh in the same year to ask the new Sultan Alauddin for a successor.

Perak chieftains were left with no alternative but to turn to Aceh's Sultan Iskandar Thani, who sent his relative, Raja Sulong, to become the new Perak Sultan Muzaffar Shah II.

Aceh's influence on Perak began to wane when the Dutch East India Company arrived, in the mid–17th century.

When Perak refused to enter into a contract with the VOC as its northern neighbours had done, a blockade of the Perak River halted the tin trade, causing suffering among Aceh's merchants.

In 1699, when the regional dominant Sultanate of Johor lost its last Malaccan dynasty sultan, Sultan Mahmud Shah II, Perak now had the sole claim of being the final heir of the old Sultanate of Malacca.

The Bugis and several Perak chiefs were successful in ousting the Perak ruler, Sultan Muzaffar Riayat Shah III in 1743.

In 1818, the Dutch monopoly over the tin trade in Perak was renewed, with the signing of a new recognition treaty.

Siam's subsequent plan to extend its conquests to the southern territory of Perak failed after Perak defeated the Siamese forces with the aid of mixed Bugis and Malay reinforcements from the Sultanate of Selangor.

The British renounced any aspiration to conquer Perak or interfere in its administration, promising to prevent Raja Hasan of Selangor from making trouble in Perak, and to try to reconcile the differences between Selangor and Ligor.

The Sultan of Perak then ceded to the British the area of Dindings and Pangkor so that the British could suppress pirate activity along the Perak coast where it became part of the Straits Settlements.

The treaty marked the introduction of a British residential system, with Perak going on to become part of the Federated Malay States in 1895.

Perak was allowed to return to the Malay Peninsula, and spent most of his later life in the Straits Settlements of Singapore and Penang before returning to Kuala Kangsar in Perak in 1922.

Exceptions were the Patani region, which remained under Siamese rule, and Perak, which regained the previously lost inland territory that became the Hulu Perak District.

Perak suffered under harsh military control, restricted movement, and tight surveillance throughout the Japanese occupation and until 1945.

The press in occupied Malaya, including the English-language occupation-era newspaper The Perak Times, was entirely under the control of the Domei News Agency, publishing Japanese-related war propaganda.

Sybil Kathigasu, a Eurasian nurse and member of the Perak resistance, was tortured after the Japanese Kenpeitai military police discovered a clandestine shortwave radio set in her home.

However, party policy become radicalised under the authority of Perak-born Chin Peng, who took over the CPM administration following former leader Lai Teck's disappearance with the party funds.

Perak's geology is characterised by eruptive masses, which form its hills and mountain ranges.

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Perak is located in a tropical region with a typically hot, humid and wet equatorial climate, and experiences significant rainfall throughout the year.

Government of Perak has stated its commitment to protecting its forests to ensure the survival of endangered wildlife species, and to protect biodiversity.

The state government of Perak has been blamed in part for destroying forest reserves for the lucrative wood and palm oil businesses.

Perak is a constitutional monarchy, with a ruler elected by an electoral college composed of the major chiefs.

The current Sultan of Perak is Nazrin Shah, who acceded to the throne on 29 May 2014.

Perak is divided into 12 districts, 81 mukims, and 15 local governments.

Perak has several development corridors, with a different focus for each district.

Since 2005, Perak has made efforts to remain the biggest agricultural producer in Malaysia.

Perak's attractions include the royal town of Kuala Kangsar and its iconic buildings, such as the Iskandariah Palace, Pavilion Square Tower, Perak Royal Museum, Sultan Azlan Shah Gallery, and Ubudiah Mosque.

The British colonial legacy in Perak includes the Birch Memorial Clock Tower, Ipoh High Court, Ipoh railway station, Ipoh Town Hall and Old Post Office, Kellie's Castle, Majestic Station Hotel, Malay College Kuala Kangsar, Maxwell Hill, Perak State Museum, Royal Ipoh Club, St John Church, and Taiping Lake Gardens.

Electricity distribution in Perak is operated and managed by the Tenaga Nasional Berhad .

Perak is set to become the first Malaysian state to introduce the National Fiberisation and Connectivity Plan for high-speed Internet in rural areas.

Perak has a dual carriageway road network, and follows the left-hand traffic rule.

Once the most populous state during the British administration under the FMS, Perak has yet to recover from the decline of the tin-mining industry.

Current constitution defines Malays as someone who is Muslim and assimilated with Malay community Traditionally, the natives Malay mostly live in Lenggong, Gerik, Kinta, Bota and Beruas while the Javanese mostly lived in Hilir Perak, comprising Bagan Datuk, Batak Rabit, Sungai Manik, Teluk Intan, and a few other places along the Perak shores.

Speakers of the northern Kedah Malay dialect are found in the northern part of Perak, comprising Kerian, Pangkor Island, and Larut, Matang and Selama districts.

Perak became a part of Malaya since 1957, and its athletes have represented Malaya, and later Malaysia, at the Summer Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, Asian Games, and Southeast Asian Games.

Perak was the first Malaysian state to introduce e-sports, in the Sukma Games.