23 Facts About Sakhalin Island

Sakhalin Island is situated in the Pacific Ocean, sandwiched between the Sea of Okhotsk to the east and the Sea of Japan to the west.

Sakhalin Island was once part of China during the Qing dynasty, although Chinese control was relaxed at times.

Sakhalin Island was later claimed by both Russia and Japan over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Indigenous people of Sakhalin Island include the Ainu in the southern half, the Oroks in the central region, and the Nivkhs in the north.

Nivkh women in Sakhalin Island married Han Chinese Ming officials when the Ming took tribute from Sakhalin Island and the Amur river region.

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Tribute was supposed to be brought to regional offices, but the lower Amur and Sakhalin Island were considered too remote, so the Qing sent officials directly to these regions every year to collect tribute and to present awards.

Local native Sakhalin Island chiefs had their daughters taken as wives by Manchu officials as sanctioned by the Qing dynasty when the Qing exercised jurisdiction in Sakhalin Island and took tribute from them.

Mogami's interest in the Sakhalin Island trade intensified when he learned that Yaenkoroaino, the above-mentioned elder from Nayoro, possessed a memorandum written in Manchurian, which stated that the Ainu elder was an official of the Qing state.

Japan proclaimed sovereignty over Sakhalin in 1807, and in 1809 Mamiya Rinzo claimed that it was an island.

South Sakhalin Island was administered by Japan as Karafuto Prefecture, with the capital at Toyohara.

Sakhalin Island is separated from the mainland by the narrow and shallow Strait of Tartary, which often freezes in winter in its narrower part, and from Hokkaido, Japan, by the Soya Strait or La Perouse Strait.

The clays, which contain layers of good coal and abundant fossilized vegetation, show that during the Miocene period, Sakhalin Island formed part of a continent which comprised north Asia, Alaska, and Japan, and enjoyed a comparatively warm climate.

Northernmost point of Sakhalin is Cape of Elisabeth on the Schmidt Peninsula, while Cape Crillon is the southernmost point of the island.

Ush Island is an island off of the northern coast of Sakhalin.

Sea of Okhotsk ensures that Sakhalin Island has a cold and humid climate, ranging from humid continental in the south to subarctic in the centre and north.

In contrast to interior east Asia with its pronounced summer maximum, onshore winds ensure Sakhalin Island has year-round precipitation with a peak in the autumn.

Sakhalin's main shipping company is Sakhalin Shipping Company, headquartered in Kholmsk on the island's west coast.

Sakhalin Island's railway has a connection with the rest of Russia via a train ferry operating between Vanino and Kholmsk.

Sakhalin Island is connected by regular flights to Moscow, Khabarovsk, Vladivostok and other cities of Russia.

Sakhalin Island again suggested a bridge between Sakhalin and Hokkaido, which could potentially create a continuous rail corridor between Europe and Japan.

Sakhalin Island is a classic "primary sector of the economy" area, relying on oil and gas exports, coal mining, forestry, and fishing.

Sakhalin Island II has come under fire from environmental groups, namely Sakhalin Island Environment Watch, for dumping dredging material in Aniva Bay.

Sakhalin Island's economy is growing rapidly thanks to its oil-and-gas industry.