Sakhalin is situated in the Pacific Ocean, sandwiched between the Sea of Okhotsk to the east and the Sea of Japan to the west.
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Sakhalin is situated in the Pacific Ocean, sandwiched between the Sea of Okhotsk to the east and the Sea of Japan to the west.
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Indigenous people of Sakhalin include the Ainu in the southern half, the Oroks in the central region, and the Nivkhs in the north.
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Nivkh women in Sakhalin married Han Chinese Ming officials when the Ming took tribute from Sakhalin and the Amur river region.
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Tribute was supposed to be brought to regional offices, but the lower Amur and Sakhalin were considered too remote, so the Qing sent officials directly to these regions every year to collect tribute and to present awards.
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Mogami's interest in the Sakhalin trade intensified when he learned that Yaenkoroaino, the above-mentioned elder from Nayoro, possessed a memorandum written in Manchurian, which stated that the Ainu elder was an official of the Qing state.
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South Sakhalin was administered by Japan as Karafuto Prefecture, with the capital at Toyohara .
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Northernmost point of Sakhalin is Cape of Elisabeth on the Schmidt Peninsula, while Cape Crillon is the southernmost point of the island.
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Sakhalin has two smaller islands associated with it, Moneron Island and Ush Island.
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Sea of Okhotsk ensures that Sakhalin has a cold and humid climate, ranging from humid continental in the south to subarctic in the centre and north.
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In contrast to interior east Asia with its pronounced summer maximum, onshore winds ensure Sakhalin has year-round precipitation with a peak in the autumn.
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Sakhalin's main shipping company is Sakhalin Shipping Company, headquartered in Kholmsk on the island's west coast.
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Sakhalin's railway has a connection with the rest of Russia via a train ferry operating between Vanino and Kholmsk.
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Sakhalin is connected by regular flights to Moscow, Khabarovsk, Vladivostok and other cities of Russia.
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Sakhalin is a classic "primary sector of the economy" area, relying on oil and gas exports, coal mining, forestry, and fishing.
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Sakhalin II has come under fire from environmental groups, namely Sakhalin Environment Watch, for dumping dredging material in Aniva Bay.
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Sakhalin's economy is growing rapidly thanks to its oil-and-gas industry.
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