Aurangazeb held administrative and military posts under his father Shah Jahan and gained recognition as an accomplished military commander.
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32 Facts About Aurangazeb
2.
Aurangazeb's reign is characterized by a period of rapid military expansion, with several dynasties and states being overthrown by the Mughals.
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3.
Aurangazeb successfully imposed the Fatawa al-Alamgir as the principal regulating body of the empire and prohibited religiously forbidden activities in Islam.
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4.
Aurangazeb's father was Emperor Shah Jahan, who hailed from the Mughal house of the Timurid dynasty.
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5.
Aurangazeb's curriculum included scholarly areas like Islamic studies and Turkic, Persian literature and Hindi literature.
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6.
Aurangazeb grew up fluent in the Hindi of his time, which was undoubtedly Persianized, as there is substantial evidence that Hindvi was written in the Persian script during this period.
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7.
Aurangazeb rode against the elephant and struck its trunk with a lance, and successfully defended himself from being crushed.
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8.
Aurangazeb was his first wife and chief consort as well as his favourite.
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9.
Aurangazeb had an infatuation with a slave girl, Hira Bai, whose death at a young age greatly affected him.
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10.
Aurangazeb sought to establish Islamic rule as instructed and inspired by him.
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11.
Aurangazeb made no mention of the Persian concept of kinship, the Farr-i-Aizadi, and based his rule on the Quranic concept of kingship.
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12.
Aurangazeb sought to codify Hanafi law by the work of several hundred jurists, called Fatawa-e-Alamgiri.
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14.
Aurangazeb ordered the subahdars of these provinces to demolish the schools and the temples of non-Muslims.
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15.
Aurangazeb's reign saw the building of the Lahore Badshahi Masjid and Bibi Ka Maqbara in Aurangabad for his wife Rabia-ud-Daurani.
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16.
Aurangazeb later ordered the construction of the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, which is today one of the largest mosques in the Indian subcontinent.
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17.
Aurangazeb patronised the dargahs of Sufi saints such as Bakhtiyar Kaki, and strived to maintain royal tombs.
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18.
Aurangazeb further writes how "Artisans manufacture of silk, fine brocade, and other fine muslins, of which are made turbans, robes of gold flowers, and tunics worn by females, so delicately fine as to wear out in one night, and cost even more if they were well embroidered with fine needlework".
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19.
Aurangazeb explains the different techniques employed to produce such complicated textiles such as Himru, Paithani, Mushru and how Kalamkari, in which fabrics are painted or block-printed, was a technique that originally came from Persia.
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22.
Aurangazeb often supported the Ottoman Empire's enemies, extending cordial welcome to two rebel Governors of Basra, and granting them and their families a high status in the imperial service.
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24.
Aurangazeb's coins had the name of the mint city and the year of issue on one face, and, the following couplet on other:.
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26.
Aurangazeb travelled a long distance to the Deccan to conquer the Marathas and eventually died at the age of 88, still fighting the Marathas.
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27.
Aurangazeb was then brought to Delhi and tortured so as to convert him.
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28.
Aurangazeb had only 300 rupees with him which were later given to charity as per his instructions and he prior to his death requested not to spend extravagantly on his funeral but to keep it simple.
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29.
Aurangazeb notes that the populist but "fairly old-fashioned" explanation for the decline is that there was a reaction to Aurangzeb's oppression.
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30.
Aurangazeb's sons failed to reach a satisfactory agreement and fought against each other in a war of succession.
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31.
Aurangazeb's critics argue that his ruthlessness and religious bigotry made him unsuitable to rule the mixed population of his empire.
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32.
Aurangazeb's chosen title Alamgir translates to Conqueror of the World.
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