Bengal Subah, referred to as Mughal Bengal, was the largest subdivision of the Mughal Empire encompassing much of the Bengal region, which includes modern Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, Indian state of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odissa between the 16th and 18th centuries.
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Bengal Subah was the wealthiest region in the Indian subcontinent, due to their thriving merchants, Seth's, Bankers and traders and its proto-industrial economy showed signs of driving an Industrial revolution.
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Bengal Subah has been variously described the "Paradise of Nations" and the "Golden Age of Bengal", due to its inhabitants' living standards and real wages, which were among the highest in the world.
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The eastern part of Bengal Subah was globally prominent in industries such as textile manufacturing and shipbuilding, and it was a major exporter of silk and cotton textiles, steel, saltpeter, and agricultural and industrial produce in the world.
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Mughal absorption of Bengal Subah began during the reign of the first Mughal emperor Babur.
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Bengal Subah was integrated into a powerful and prosperous empire; and shaped by imperial policies of pluralistic government.
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Prince Muhammad Azam Shah, who served as one of Bengal Subah's viceroys, was installed on the Mughal throne for four months in 1707.
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Bengal Subah continued to contribute the largest share of funds to the imperial treasury in Delhi.
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The Bengal Subah-Bihar-Orissa triangle was a major production center for cotton muslin cloth, silk cloth, shipbuilding, gunpowder, saltpetre, and metalworks.
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Nawabs of Bengal Subah entered into treaties with numerous European colonial powers, including joint-stock companies representing Britain, Austria, Denmark, France and the Netherlands.
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Bengal Subah gained administrative control over the Nawab's dominions, including Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
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Bengal Subah's population is estimated to have been 30 million prior to the Great Bengal Subah famine of 1770, which reduced it by as much as a third.
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Bengal Subah was a centre of the worldwide muslin, jute and silk trades.
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Bengal Subah assesses ship repairing as very advanced in Bengal.
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In 1703, Murshid Quli Khan, then diwan of Bengal Subah shifted his office from Dhaka to Maqsudabad and later renamed it Murshidabad.
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