49 Facts About Confederate States

Confederate States of America, commonly referred to as the Confederate States or simply the Confederacy, was an unrecognized breakaway republic in North America that existed from February 8,1861, to May 9,1865.

Confederate States nationalism prepared men to fight for "The Southern Cause".

New [Confederate States] Constitution has put at rest forever all the agitating questions relating to our peculiar institutions—African slavery as it exists among us—the proper status of the negro in our form of civilization.

Confederate States found that Confederate diplomacy projected multiple contradictory self-images:.

The House approved it by a vote of 133 to 65 and the United Confederate States Senate adopted it, with no changes, on a vote of 24 to 12.

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The Confederate States capital was moved from Montgomery to Richmond, Virginia, in May 1861.

Newly inaugurated Confederate States administration pursued a policy of national territorial integrity, continuing earlier state efforts in 1860 and early 1861 to remove US government presence from within their boundaries.

Secessionists argued that the United Confederate States Constitution was a contract among sovereign states that could be abandoned at any time without consultation and that each state had a right to secede.

Kentucky declared neutrality but after Confederate States troops moved in, the state government asked for Union troops to drive them out.

On July 12,1861, the Confederate States government signed a treaty with both the Choctaw and Chickasaw Indian nations.

Permanent capital provided for in the Confederate States Constitution called for a state cession of a ten-miles square district to the central government.

Shortly before the end of the war, the Confederate States government evacuated Richmond, planning to relocate farther south.

Confederate States officials hunted down and killed potential draftees who had gone into hiding.

The United Confederate States government regarded the Southern states as being in rebellion or insurrection and so refused any formal recognition of their status.

The Confederate government sent James M Mason to London and John Slidell to Paris.

Confederate States diplomats found little support for American slavery, cotton trade or not.

British Chancellor of the Exchequer William Gladstone, convinced of the necessity of intervention on the Confederate States side based on the successful diplomatic intervention in Second Italian War of Independence against Austria, attempted unsuccessfully to convince Lord Palmerston to intervene.

The letter was indeed used in propaganda, but Confederate Secretary of State Judah P Benjamin told Mann it was "a mere inferential recognition, unconnected with political action or the regular establishment of diplomatic relations" and thus did not assign it the weight of formal recognition.

Cuba was a Spanish colony and the Captain–General of Cuba declared in writing that Confederate States ships were welcome, and would be protected in Cuban ports.

Confederate States lacked reserve troops to exploit an advantage on the battlefield as Napoleon had done.

In early 1862, the Confederate States Army was allowed to disintegrate for two months following expiration of short-term enlistments.

In early 1865, the Confederate States Congress, influenced by the public support by General Lee, approved the recruitment of black infantry units.

When filling the Confederate States government's call for 100,000 men, another 200,000 were turned away by accepting only those enlisted "for the duration" or twelve-month volunteers who brought their own arms or horses.

Confederate States conscription was not universal; it was a selective service.

Confederate States forces repositioned south along the Mississippi River to Memphis, Tennessee, where at the naval Battle of Memphis, its River Defense Fleet was sunk.

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At the February 1865 Hampton Roads Conference with Lincoln, senior Confederate States officials rejected his invitation to restore the Union with compensation for emancipated slaves.

Confederate States issued a general amnesty to all Confederate participants in the "late Civil War" in 1868.

The priorities were: to guarantee that Confederate States nationalism and slavery were ended, to ratify and enforce the Thirteenth Amendment which outlawed slavery; the Fourteenth which guaranteed dual US and state citizenship to all native-born residents, regardless of race; and the Fifteenth, which made it illegal to deny the right to vote because of race.

Confederate States veterans had been temporarily disenfranchised by Reconstruction policy, and Democrat-dominated legislatures passed new constitutions and amendments to now exclude most blacks and many poor whites.

In declaring that no state could leave the Union, "except through revolution or through consent of the States", it was "explicitly repudiating the position of the Confederate states that the United States was a voluntary compact between sovereign states".

Confederate States was unfavorably compared to George Washington by critics such as Edward Alfred Pollard, editor of the most influential newspaper in the Confederacy, the Richmond Examiner.

Confederate States unwittingly caused much internal dissension from early on.

Coulter, viewed by today's historians as a Confederate States apologist, says Davis was heroic and his will was indomitable.

Much of the Confederate States Constitution replicated the United States Constitution verbatim, but it contained several explicit protections of the institution of slavery including provisions for the recognition and protection of slavery in any territory of the Confederacy.

In certain areas, the Confederate Constitution gave greater powers to the states than the US Constitution of the time did, but in other areas, the states lost rights they had under the US Constitution.

The Confederate States Constitution incorporated each of the 12 amendments to the US Constitution that had been ratified up to that point.

Unlike the United States Constitution, the Confederate Constitution gave the president the ability to subject a bill to a line item veto, a power held by some state governors.

The Provisional Confederate States Congress was a unicameral assembly, each state received one vote.

Permanent Confederate States Congress was elected and began its first session February 18,1862.

The postal history of the Confederacy along with surviving Confederate States mail has helped historians document the various people, places and events that were involved in the American Civil War as it unfolded.

Confederate States citizen was not any freer than the Union citizen – and perhaps no less likely to be arrested by military authorities.

For example, freedom to travel within the Confederate states was severely limited by a domestic passport system.

Only in mid-1863 did the Confederate States government initiate a national policy, and it was confined solely to aiding the war effort.

Confederate States army experienced a persistent shortage of horses and mules, and requisitioned them with dubious promissory notes given to local farmers and breeders.

The Confederate States politicians were worried about angering the general population with hard taxes.

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Confederate States government took over the three national mints in its territory: the Charlotte Mint in North Carolina, the Dahlonega Mint in Georgia, and the New Orleans Mint in Louisiana.

However, before the New Orleans Mint ceased operation in May, 1861, the Confederate States government used its own reverse design to strike four half dollars.

Every Confederate States state was affected, but most of the war was fought in Virginia and Tennessee, while Texas and Florida saw the least military action.

Only 13 Confederate States-controlled cities ranked among the top 100 US cities in 1860, most of them ports whose economic activities vanished or suffered severely in the Union blockade.