28 Facts About Golden Horde

However, soon after the 1396 invasion of Timur, the founder of the Timurid Empire, the Golden Horde broke into smaller Tatar khanates which declined steadily in power.

The khanate apparently used the term White Golden Horde to refer to its right wing, which was situated in Batu's home base in Sarai and controlled the ulus.

Golden Horde sent his brothers to the kurultai, and the new Khagan of the Mongols was elected in 1246.

Golden Horde was probably poisoned by Toregene Khatun, who probably did it to spite Batu and even her own son Guyuk, because he did not approve of her regency.

The Golden Horde dispatched the young prince Nogai to invade the Ilkhanate but Hulagu forced him back in 1262.

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Golden Horde was well loved by the people and called the "sun of Russia".

In Bukhara, he and Hulagu slaughtered all the retainers of the Golden Horde and reduced their families into slavery, sparing only the Great Khan Kublai's men.

Golden Horde returned with Mongol troops sent by Tode Mongke and seized Vladimir from Dmitry.

Golden Horde built a large mosque in the city of Solkhat in the Crimea in 1314 and proscribed Buddhism and Shamanism among the Mongols in the Golden Horde.

Golden Horde kept a friendly relationship with the Mamluk Sultan and his shadow Caliph in Cairo.

In 1362, the Golden Horde was divided between Keldi Beg in Sarai, Bulat Temir in Volga Bulgaria, and Abdullah in Crimea.

Meanwhile, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania attacked the western tributaries of the Golden Horde and conquered Kyiv and Podolia after the Battle of Blue Waters in 1363.

Golden Horde ordered money with his name on it coined in Khwarezm and sent envoys to Egypt to seek an alliance.

The Golden Horde victory secured Kyiv, Podolia, and some land in the lower Bug River basin.

The Golden Horde's influence was replaced in Eastern Europe by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, who Ulugh Muhammad turned to for support.

Golden Horde attacked Ryazan and suffered a major defeat against the forces of Vasily II.

Records of Golden Horde existence reach however as far as end of 18th century and it was mentioned in works of Russian publisher Nikolay Novikov in his work of 1773 "Ancient Russian Hydrography".

Subjects of the Golden Horde included the Rus' people, Armenians, Georgians, Circassians, Alans, Crimean Greeks, Crimean Goths, Bulgarians, and Vlachs.

The objective of the Golden Horde in conquered lands revolved around obtaining recruits for the army and exacting tax payments from its subjects.

In most cases the Golden Horde did not implement direct control over the people they conquered.

Such intermarriage ceased after the Golden Horde Mongols converted to Islam until the 15th century when the weakened Horde's Mongol grandees moved into Muscovite territory.

The Golden Horde victory secured for it Kiev, Podolia, and some land in the lower Bug River basin.

Population of the Golden Horde was largely a mixture of Turks and Mongols who adopted Islam later, as well as smaller numbers of Finnic peoples, Sarmato-Scythians, Slavs, and people from the Caucasus, among others .

The Golden Horde was gradually Turkified and lost its Mongol identity, while the descendants of Batu's original Mongol warriors constituted the upper class.

Golden Horde's elites were descended from four Mongol clans, Qiyat, Manghut, Sicivut and Qonqirat.

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Golden Horde developed as a sedentary rather than nomadic culture, with Sarai evolving into a large, prosperous metropolis.

The Golden Horde majorly was divided into Blue Horde and White Horde .

Genetic study published in Nature in May 2018 examined the remains of two Golden Horde males buried in the Ulytau District in Kazakhstan ca.