Kingdom of the Lombards known as the Lombard Kingdom; later the Kingdom of Italy, was an early medieval state established by the Lombards, a Germanic people, on the Italian Peninsula in the latter part of the 6th century.
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24 Facts About Lombard Kingdom
3.
Lombard Kingdom arrival broke the political unity of the Italian Peninsula for the first time since the Roman conquest.
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4.
Over time, other Lombard duchies were created in major cities of the kingdom.
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5.
Lombard Kingdom achieved this by eliminating much of the Latin aristocracy, through occupying their lands and acquiring their assets.
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6.
Lombard Kingdom assumed, like the Ostrogoth Kings, the title of Flavio, with which he intended to proclaim himself protector of all Romans in Lombard territory: it was a clear call, with anti-Byzantine overtones, to the heritage of the Western Roman Empire.
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8.
Lombard Kingdom conquered Liguria, including the capital Genoa, Luni, and Oderzo; however, not even a total victory over the Byzantine Exarch of Ravenna, defeated and killed along with his eight thousand men at the River Panaro, succeeded in forcing the Exarchate to submit to the Lombards.
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10.
Lombard Kingdom favoured the integration of the different components of the kingdom, presenting an image modeled on that of his predecessor Rotari—wise legislator in adding new laws to the Edict, patron, and valiant warrior.
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11.
Lombard Kingdom immediately came to an agreement with Grimoald's other son, Romualdo I of Benevento, who pledged loyalty in exchange for recognition of the autonomy of his duchy.
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12.
Lombard Kingdom sought and achieved peace with the Byzantines, who acknowledged Lombard sovereignty over most of Italy, and repressed the rebellion of the Duke of Trent, Alahis, although at the cost of hard territorial concessions to Alahis.
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14.
Lombard Kingdom strengthened the chancellery of the royal palace of Pavia and defined in an organic way the territorial competencies of sculdasci, gastalds and dukes.
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15.
Lombard Kingdom was very active in the legislative field: the twelve volumes of laws enacted by him introduced legal reforms inspired by Roman law, improved the efficiency of the courts, changed the wergild and, above all, protected the weaker sectors of society, including minors, women, debtors, and slaves.
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19.
Lombard Kingdom implemented a casual marriage policy, marrying his daughter Liutperga to the Duke of Bavaria, Tassilo, historical adversary of the Franks and, at the death of Pepin the Short, by marrying the other daughter Desiderata to the future Charlemagne, offering him a useful support in the fight against his brother Carloman.
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21.
Lombard Kingdom maintained the Leges Langobardorum, but reorganized the kingdom on the Frankish model, with counts in place of dukes.
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22.
Age of the Lombard kingdom was, especially in Italy, devalued as a long reign of barbarism in the midst of the "Dark Ages".
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23.
Historical bipartition of Italy that has, for centuries, directed the North towards Central-Western Europe and the South, instead, to the Mediterranean area dates back to the separation between Langobardia Major and Langobardia Minor, while Lombard Kingdom law influenced the Italian legal system for a long time, and was not completely abandoned even after the rediscovery of Roman law in the 11th and 12th centuries.
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24.
Persistent injury historiography on the "Dark Ages" has long cast shadows on the Lombard kingdom, averting the interest of writers from that period.
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