36 Facts About Montenegro

The name Montenegro was first used to refer to the country in the late 15th century.

Montenegro's independence was recognised by the Great Powers at the Congress of Berlin in 1878.

Montenegro has an upper-middle-income economy and ranks 48th in the Human Development Index.

Montenegro is a founding member of the Union for the Mediterranean, and is currently in the process of joining the European Union.

Montenegro further increased its size several times by the 20th century, as the result of wars against the Ottoman Empire, which saw the annexation of Old Herzegovina and parts of Metohija and southern Raska.

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In 1515, Montenegro became a theocracy led by the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral, which flourished after the Petrovic-Njegos of Cetinje became the traditional prince-bishops.

In 1910, Montenegro became a kingdom, and as a result of the Balkan wars in 1912 and 1913, a common border with Serbia was established, with Shkoder being awarded to Albania, though the current capital city of Montenegro, Podgorica, was on the old border of Albania and Yugoslavia.

In 1922, Montenegro formally became the Oblast of Cetinje in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, with the addition of the coastal areas around Budva and Bay of Kotor.

Montenegro became one of the six constituent republics of the communist Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

Montenegro formed its own economic policy and adopted the German Deutsche Mark as its currency and subsequently adopted the euro, although not part of the Eurozone.

Targets in Montenegro were bombed by NATO forces during Operation Allied Force in 1999, although the extent of these attacks was limited in both time and area affected.

In 2002, Serbia and Montenegro came to a new agreement for continued cooperation and entered into negotiations regarding the future status of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

On 28 June 2006, Montenegro joined the United Nations as its 192nd member state.

Montenegro formally became a member of NATO in June 2017, though "Montenegro remains deeply divided over joining NATO", an event that triggered a promise of retaliatory actions from Russia's government.

Mountains of Montenegro include some of the most rugged terrains in Europe, averaging more than 2, 000 metres in elevation.

Montenegro can be divided into two main biogeographic regions, which include the Mediterranean Biogeographic Region and the Alpine Biogeographic Region.

Constitution of Montenegro describes the state as a "civic, democratic, ecological state of social justice, based on the reign of Law".

Montenegro is an independent and sovereign republic that established its constitution on 22 October 2007.

The President of Montenegro is the head of state, elected for a period of five years through direct elections.

Government of Montenegro is the executive branch of government authority of Montenegro.

In 2019, Freedom House reported that years of increasing state capture, abuse of power, and strongman tactics employed by President Ðukanovic led the country for the first time since 2003, Montenegro to be categorised as a hybrid regime instead of a democracy.

Military of Montenegro is a professional standing army under the Ministry of Defence.

Montenegro contained the entire coastline of the former union and retained practically the entire naval force.

Montenegro is a NATO member and a member of Adriatic Charter.

Regions of Montenegro—designed for statistical purposes by the Statistical Office—have no administrative function.

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Economy of Montenegro is mostly service-based and is in late transition to a market economy.

The Central Bank of Montenegro is not part of the euro system but the country is "euroised", using the euro unilaterally as its currency.

However, Montenegro remained a target for foreign investment, the only country in the Balkans to increase its amount of direct foreign investment in 2008.

Montenegro has two international airports, Podgorica Airport and Tivat Airport.

The majority of foreign visitors to Montenegro come from the neighbouring countries of Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, as well as Russia.

The coast region of Montenegro was considered one of the great "discoveries" among world tourists.

In January 2010, The New York Times ranked the Ulcinj South Coast region of Montenegro, including Velika Plaza, Ada Bojana, and the Hotel Mediteran of Ulcinj, among the "Top 31 Places to Go in 2010" as part of a worldwide ranking.

Montenegro was listed by Yahoo Travel among the "10 Top Hot Spots of 2009" to visit, describing it as "the second fastest growing tourism market in the world".

Montenegro has historically stood at the crossroads of multiculturalism and over centuries this has shaped its unique co-existence between Muslim and Christian populations.

Montenegro has many significant cultural and historical sites, including heritage sites from the pre-Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque periods.

Sport in Montenegro revolves mostly around team sports, such as water polo, football, basketball, handball, and volleyball.