37 Facts About Rhine

Finally in Germany the Rhine turns into a predominantly westerly direction and flows into the Netherlands where it eventually empties into the North Sea.

The Rhine is one of the four major rivers taking their source in the Gotthard region, along with the Ticino, Rhone and Reuss.

Anterior Rhine arises from numerous source streams in the upper Surselva and flows in an easterly direction.

Near Sils the Posterior Rhine is joined by the Albula, from the east, from the Albula Pass region.

The Alpine Rhine begins in the westernmost part of the Swiss canton of Graubunden, and later forms the border between Switzerland to the west and Liechtenstein and later Austria to the east.

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The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two arms and formed small islands by precipitating sediments.

Regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta.

Rhine carries very large amounts of debris into the lake.

Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the Aare.

High Rhine begins in Stein am Rhein at the western end of the Untersee.

Nevertheless, the Alpine Rhine is considered the main branch, because it is longer.

Upper Rhine was a significant cultural landscape in Central Europe already in antiquity and during the Middle Ages.

Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th century.

Upper Rhine has undergone significant human change since the 19th century.

Four diplomatic treaties were signed among German state governments and French regions dealing with the changes proposed along the Rhine, one was "the Treaty for the Rectification of the Rhine flow from Neuberg to Dettenheim", which surrounded states such as Bourbon France and the Bavarian Palatinate.

The engineering of the Rhine was not without protest, farmers and fishermen had grave concerns about valuable fishing areas and farmland being lost.

Early engineering projects the Upper Rhine had issues, with Tulla's project at one part of the river creating rapids, after the Rhine cut down from erosion to sheer rock.

Engineering along the Rhine eased flooding and made transportation along the river less cumbersome.

From Wijk bij Duurstede, the old north branch of the Rhine is called Kromme Rijn past Utrecht, first Leidse Rijn and then, Oude Rijn .

Since the Rhine contributes most of the water, the shorter term Rhine Delta is commonly used.

Shape of the Rhine delta is determined by two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal, which changes its name to Nederrijn at Angeren, and second near Arnhem, the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn.

Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but by tidal currents.

The Rhine then had the Sieg as a tributary, but not yet the Moselle.

Since that time, the Rhine has added the watershed above Lake Constance, the upper reaches of the Main, beyond Schweinfurt and the Moselle in the Vosges Mountains, captured during the Saale Ice-age from the Meuse, to its watershed.

Loess arose from the south and North Sea plain settling on the slopes of the Alps, Urals and the Rhine Valley, rendering the valleys facing the prevailing winds especially fertile.

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The discharge of the Rhine is divided into three branches: the Waal, the Nederrijn – Lek and the IJssel .

Rhine was not known to Herodotus and first enters the historical period in the 1st century BC in Roman-era geography.

Upper Rhine had been part of the areal of the late Hallstatt culture since the 6th century BC, and by the 1st century BC, the areal of the La Tene culture covered almost its entire length, forming a contact zone with the Jastorf culture, i e the locus of early Celtic-Germanic cultural contact.

In Roman geography, the Rhine and Hercynia Silva were considered the boundary of the civilized world; as it was a wilderness, the Romans were eager to explore it.

The northern section of this frontier, where the Rhine is deep and broad, remained the Roman boundary until the empire fell.

The Alsace on the left banks of the Upper Rhine was sold to Burgundy by Archduke Sigismund of Austria in 1469 and eventually fell to France in the Thirty Years' War.

Since the Peace of Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany.

The Confederation of the Rhine was established by Napoleon, as a French client state, in 1806 and lasted until 1814, during which time it served as a significant source of resources and military manpower for the First French Empire.

In 1840, the Rhine crisis, prompted by French prime minister Adolphe Thiers desire to reinstate the Rhine as a natural border, led to a diplomatic crisis and a wave of nationalism in Germany.

Rhine became an important symbol in German nationalism during the formation of the German state in the 19th century .

The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized in the book, A Bridge Too Far and the film, was a central focus of the battle for Arnhem, during the failed Operation Market Garden of September 1944.

Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War.