49 Facts About Banu Kilab

Banu Kilab was an Arab tribe in the western Najd where they controlled the horse-breeding pastures of Dariyya from the mid-6th century until at least the mid-9th century.

Under the Ja'far's leadership the Kilab defeated rival tribes and the Lakhmid kings and eventually became guards of the Lakhmid caravans to the annual fair in the Hejaz.

The Banu Amir played a minor role in the early Muslim conquests, but members of the Kilab later established themselves in the garrison towns of Iraq.

The Banu Kilab often rebelled against the Hamdanids and participated in their intra-dynastic disputes.

The Banu Kilab were the core of the Mirdasid army and defended their realm, defeating the Byzantine emperor Romanos III at the Battle of Azaz in 1030 and fending off several Fatimid assaults in later years.

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The Banu Kilab retained scattered fortresses and remained a major source of military recruitment for the Mirdasids' successors, but they lost their paramountcy to Turkmen groups which had begun entering northern Syria in significant numbers from the late 11th century.

Part of the Banu Kilab migrated to Anatolia, reappearing in 1262 as auxiliaries of the Armenians in a raid against the Mamluks.

The Banu Kilab Amir were the most powerful tribe of the Hawazin confederation.

From this region, the Banu Kilab migrated northward and northwestward into a large area which later became known as the.

About one year after, the Banu Amir, led by the Kilabi chiefs, allied with a Kindite prince from Yemen, Hassan ibn Kabsha.

Ja'far leadership took a blow after the Banu Kilab was routed and dispersed by the Dhubyan, as the Ja'far became isolated from its brother tribes.

The Banu Kilab Amir attempted to escape with the booty they had captured, as the Murra and Fazara horsemen pursued them.

The Banu Kilab Amir pursued the Dhubyan and in the ensuing fight were defeated and forced to retreat.

Banu Kilab's death was satirized by the Ghatafani poets Salama ibn Khurshub al-Anmari and Urwa ibn al-Ward al-Absi.

Banu Kilab Amir had developed a reputation for military prowess in Arabia by the time the Islamic prophet Muhammad began his teachings in Mecca in the early 7th century.

Banu Kilab summoned them via his emissaries, whereupon about 3,000 Kilabi tribesmen arrived to submit to him.

Banu Kilab detained 1,300 of them whom he accused of criminal acts, imprisoning them in Medina before taking part of them to Baghdad.

Banu Kilab was a major leader of the Qaysi tribesmen, who formed a significant faction of the Muslim garrisons of Basra and Khurasan.

Two other members of the Banu Kilab were recorded in the sources as sub-governors under al-Hajjaj: Qatan ibn Mudrik, who was appointed over Basra, and Muhammad ibn al-Sa'sa, who was appointed over Bahrayn and Oman.

Banu Kilab was killed in revenge by the pro-Alid ruler of Kufa Mukhtar al-Thaqafi, after which his sons resettled in the Jazira.

Banu Kilab's son Sufyan was a transmitter, though of lesser reputation.

The Banu Kilab first established themselves in the area west of the northern Euphrates valley in Jund Qinnasrin.

Banu Kilab was involved in a dispute of an unspecified nature with the chief of the Abu Bakr, Abd al-Aziz ibn Zurara ibn Jaz.

In 882, the Banu Kilab provided critical assistance to Ibn Tulun in his suppression of two uprisings, the first led by an Abbasid prince and the second by his own rebel governor of northern Syria.

Banu Kilab firmly established themselves as the predominant tribe in the region north of the Palmyrene steppe and west of the Euphrates in the early to mid-10th century.

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The Kilab and other branches of the Banu Amir provided the bulk of the Qarmatians' military personnel.

Banu Kilab formed an alliance with part of the Kilab, appointing Ahmad ibn Sa'id ibn al-Abbas al-Kilabi, from the Amr division, as governor of Aleppo in 939.

Ibn al-Adim asserts that the internal divisions among the Banu Kilab enabled Sayf al-Dawla to successfully establish himself in Aleppo.

The Banu Kilab was an exception, being the only tribe authorized to inhabit northern Syria.

However, the Banu Kilab collaborated with the Fatimids and betrayed the Marwanids.

In return, the Banu Kilab demanded from Mansur in the emirate, villages to supply them with grain, and fertile pastures and rangelands around Aleppo to graze their sheep and horses.

The Banu Kilab united behind Salih, who soon after led them in their siege against Aleppo.

The Banu Kilab routed Mansur's army, killing some 2,000 Aleppine irregulars and capturing Mansur and his senior commanders.

Nonetheless, the Banu Kilab were unable to capture Aleppo, which was defended by Mansur's brothers and mother.

The Banu Kilab were not strong enough to challenge the Fatimids, but friendly relations were established between Salih and the new Fatimid governor, Aziz al-Dawla.

The Banu Kilab then defeated the Fatimid army and captured Rifq, who died in captivity.

The political circumstances, in which the Mirdasids kept control only of Balis, left the Banu Kilab weakened and unable to mount any attempt to recapture Aleppo.

The bulk of the Banu Kilab rallied to Thimal and mediated between him and Mahmud.

Zakkar speculated that the Banu Kilab's increasing presence in Jund Hims was due to pressures from Turkmen migrations into northern Syria and the migrations of Uqaylid tribesmen from the region of Mosul into the Banu Kilab's Jaziran domains.

Banu Kilab persuaded the Kilabi chiefs to desert at the gates of Aleppo and persuaded Waththab and his brother Shabib to join forces with Sabiq.

Tutush captured Banu Kilab-held fortresses near Aleppo, including Azaz, while Abu Za'ida massacred any groups of Turkmen cavalries he could find.

Banu Kilab retook the he had assigned to the Mirdasid brothers, and captured Homs from its Kilabi ruler Khalaf ibn Mula'ib, but kept him in his post after Munqidhite mediation.

Aq-Sunqur had poor relations with the Banu Kilab, but was obliged to recruit them to bolster his insufficient number of Turkish troops, as the Banu Kilab remained the main pool of military recruitment in northern Syria.

Ibn al-Adim notes that clans of the Banu Kilab continued to control remnants of the Mirdasid emirate, albeit unofficially, following the Mirdasids' fall.

The Banu Kilab continued to be the strongest and most numerous tribe in northern Syria, but were politically weak as a result of their internal divisions and unwillingness to unite under a supreme emir.

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The Banu Kilab were excluded from the jurisdiction of the until the Ayyubid ruler of Aleppo, az-Zahir, confiscated their in the emirate of Aleppo and passed them over to the Tayy.

Later, in 1277, the Banu Kilab gave their allegiance to the Mamluk sultan Baybars at Harim in northern Syria.

Contemporary poets, al-Ma'arri and Ibn Hayyus, do not mention any other tribes in northern Syria except for the Banu Kilab, indicating the tribe's predominance over other Arab nomads in the region.

In many cases, when the Banu Kilab successfully ambushed a rival tribe, they would seize opposing tribesmen and their property; captive tribesmen would be enslaved or released for a heavy ransom.