38 Facts About Champa

Champa were a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is comtemporary central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd century AD until 1832, when it was annexed by the Vietnamese Empire under its emperor Minh Mang.

Early Champa, evolved from local seafaring Austronesian Chamic Sa Huynh culture off the coast of modern-day Vietnam.

The peoples of Champa had been established and maintained a vast system of lucrative trade networks across the region, connecting the Indian Ocean and Eastern Asia, until the 17th century.

Champa was preceded in the region by a kingdom called Lam Ap, or Linyi, that was in existence since 192 AD; although the historical relationship between Linyi and Champa is not clear.

Champa reached its apogee in the 9th and 10th centuries AD.

Related searches

Champa argues that the Cham people always refer themselves as Cam rather than Champa .

Scholars agree that historically Champa was divided into several regions or principalities spread out from south to north along the coast of modern Vietnam and united by a common language, culture, and heritage.

Champa came to serve as an important link in the spice trade, which stretched from the Persian Gulf to South China, and later in the Arab maritime routes in Mainland Southeast Asia as a supplier of aloe.

Champa had close trade and cultural relations with the powerful maritime empire of Srivijaya and later with the Majapahit of the Malay Archipelago, its easternmost trade relations being with the kingdoms of Butuan and Sulu in the Philippines.

Champa's came from the moon and arrived in Central Vietnam and found the kingdom, but a typhoon drifted her away and left her stranded on the coast of China, where she married a Chinese prince, and returned to Champa.

Champa's is worshiped by the Vietnamese, a tradition dates back to the 11th century during the Ly dynasty period.

People of Champa descended from seafaring settlers who reached the Southeast Asian mainland from Borneo about the time of the Sa Huynh culture between 1000 BC and 200 AD, the predecessor of the Cham kingdom.

Hinduism was established as Champa began to create Sanskrit stone inscriptions and erect red brick Hindu temples.

Champa personally went on pilgrimage in the Ganges River, Northeast India.

Champa's itinerary was confirmed by both indigenous Cham sources and Chinese chronicles.

Champa reconstructed the temple of Bhadravarman and renamed it Shambhu-bhadreshvara.

Champa authorized many constructions of religious sanctuaries at My Son and several building projects throughout the kingdom, laying down foundations of Champa art and architectural styles.

Champa sent many embassies regularly to the Tang Empire and neighboring Khmer.

However, the rising influence of Champa caught the attention of a neighbouring thalassocracy that considered Champa as a rival, the Javanese .

In 767, the Tonkin coast was raided by a Javanese fleet and Kunlun pirates, Champa was assaulted by Javanese or Kunlun vessels in 774 and 787.

Indrapura was still one amongst major centers of Champa until being surpassed by Vijaya in the 12th century.

Twelfth century in Champa is defined by constant social upheavals and warfare, with Khmer invasions were frequent.

Champa then plummeted into an eleven-year civil war between Jaya Harivarman and his oppositions, which resulted in Champa reunified under Jaya Harivarman by 1161.

Jayavarman VII of Angkor launched several counterattack campaigns in the 1190s, conquering Champa and made it a dependency of the Khmer Empire for 30 years.

Champa was reduced to the principalities of Panduranga and Kauthara at the beginning of the 16th century.

Related searches

Some charismatic Cham kings declared themselves Protector of Champa in celebrating royal ceremony and coronation which involves supernatural and spiritual rituals to demonstrate the king's authority.

Regnal name of the Champa rulers originated from the Hindu tradition, often consisting of titles and aliases.

Classical narrative of 'the Champa Kingdom' brought by earlier generations of scholarship, Georges Maspero and George Coedes, created the illusion of a unified Champa.

Po Dharma argues that Champa was not a single kingdom or centralized in the manner of Ðai Viet but likely a confederation of kingdom and individual city-states for most of its history.

Two notable examples of this multi-centric nature of Champa were the principalities of Kauthara and Panduranga.

Champa was a religiously tolerant kingdom, with many different faiths coexisted peacefully or have merged with indigenous Cham beliefs.

The Hinduism of Champa was overwhelmingly Shaiva and it was liberally combined with elements of local religious cults such as the worship of the Earth goddess Lady Po Nagar.

Mahayana in Champa was blended with observable elements of Tantric Buddhism, manifesting in many traces.

Buddhist art of Champa shared the same unique aesthetics, paralleling with Dvaravati art, highlighting in the similarities of both cultures in their iconographic form of the Buddha-Stupa-Triad, where the Buddha seats in padmasana flanked by on either side by a depiction of a stupa.

The Islamic tomb of Putri Champa can be found in Trowulan, East Java, the site of the Majapahit imperial capital.

Urbanization in Champa took place progressively from the first to eighth centuries AD, from the late Sahuynhian to the early Champa period.

Champa concentrated its wealth in highly urbanized port-cities, some of them located in self-governing regions.

Champa's is worshipped at the Po Nagar Hamu Tanran temple in Panduranga.