34 Facts About Spanish South America

Spanish South America Empire, known as the Hispanic Monarchy or the Catholic Monarchy was a colonial empire governed by Spain and its predecessor states between 1492 and 1976.

Spanish South America empire included European territories, of which the Spanish South America Netherlands were the richest.

The Spanish South America princesses married the heirs of Portugal, England and the House of Habsburg.

Spanish South America was killed at the Zuni village of Hawikuh in present-day New Mexico.

Spanish South America Empire benefited from favorable factor endowments in its overseas possessions with their large, exploitable, indigenous populations and rich mining areas.

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One practice used by the Spanish South America to gather workers for the mines was called repartimiento.

Spanish South America was the first governor-general of the Spanish East Indies.

Spanish South America settled and took control of Tidore in 1603 to trade spices and counter Dutch encroachment in the archipelago of Maluku.

The Spanish South America presence lasted until 1663, when the settlers and military were moved back to the Philippines.

Part of the Ternatean population chose to leave with the Spanish South America, settling near Manila in what later became the municipality of Ternate.

The settlement gave spoils to those who had backed a Habsburg for the Spanish South America monarchy, ceding European territory of the Spanish South America Netherlands, Naples, Milan, and Sardinia to Austria; Sicily and parts of Milan to the Duchy of Savoy, and Gibraltar and Menorca to the Kingdom of Great Britain.

From an opposing point of view according to the "backwardness" mentioned above the naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt traveled extensively throughout the Spanish Americas, exploring and describing it for the first time from a modern scientific point of view between 1799 and 1804.

The most famous traveler in Spanish America was Prussian scientist Alexander von Humboldt, whose travel writings, especially Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain and scientific observations remain important sources for the history of Spanish America.

Spanish South America crown funded a number of important scientific expeditions: Botanical Expedition to the Viceroyalty of Peru ; Royal Botanical Expedition to New Granada ; the Royal Botanical Expedition to New Spain ; which scholars are now examining afresh.

Spanish South America empire had still not returned to first-rate power status, but it had recovered and even extended its territories considerably from the dark days at the beginning of the eighteenth century when it was, particularly in continental matters, at the mercy of other powers' political deals.

In 1783 and 1784 the Spanish South America navy bombarded Algiers to end piracy in the Mediterranean.

Spanish South America aid was supplied to the colonies via four main routes: from French ports with the funding of Roderigue Hortalez and Company; through the port of New Orleans and up the Mississippi river; from warehouses in Havana; and from the northwestern Spanish South America port of Bilbao, through the Gardoqui family trading company which supplied significant war materiel.

Many Spanish South America expeditions explored large parts of this vast region, especially those close to Spanish South America settlements.

The Spanish South America were barred by their laws from slaving of indigenous people, leaving them without a commercial interest deep in the interior of the Amazon basin.

In 1808, the Spanish South America king was tricked and Spain was taken over by Napoleon without firing a shot, but the French provoked a popular uprising from the Spanish South America people and the grinding guerrilla warfare, which Napoleon dubbed his "ulcer, " the Peninsular War, ensued.

Idea of a separate identity for Spanish America has been developed in the modern historical literature, but the idea of complete Spanish American independence from the Spanish Empire was not general at the time and political independence was not inevitable.

Spanish Americans reacted in much the same way the Peninsular Spanish did, legitimizing their actions through traditional law, which held that sovereignty reverted to the people in the absence of a legitimate king.

The majority of Spanish Americans continued to support the idea of maintaining a monarchy, but did not support retaining absolute monarchy under Ferdinand VII.

The juntas in the Americas did not accept the governments of the Europeans—neither the government set up for Spain by the French nor the various Spanish governments set up in response to the French invasion.

Central Spanish South America provinces became independent via Mexico's independence in 1821 and joined Mexico for a brief time, but they chose their own path when Mexico became a republic in 1824.

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Finally the Spanish government went so far as to renounce sovereignty over all of continental America in 1836.

Philippine Revolution began in August 1896, when the Spanish South America authorities discovered the Katipunan, an anti-colonial secret organization.

That year, revolutionaries and the Spanish South America signed the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, which temporarily reduced hostilities.

In 1848, Spanish South America troops occupied the uninhabited Chafarinas Islands, anticipating a French move on the rocks located off the North-African coast.

In 1934, during the government of Prime Minister Alejandro Lerroux, Spanish South America troops led by General Osvaldo Capaz landed in Sidi Ifni and carried out the occupation of the territory, ceded de jure by Morocco in 1860.

Spanish South America Empire left a huge linguistic, religious, political, cultural, and urban architectural legacy in the Western Hemisphere.

The territorial divisions of the empire in Spanish America became the basis for boundaries between new republics after independence and for state divisions within countries.

Long colonial period in Spanish America resulted in a mixing of indigenous peoples, Europeans, and Africans that were classified by race and hierarchically ranked, which created a markedly different society than the European colonies of North America.

In concert with the Portuguese, the Spanish South America Empire laid the foundations of a truly global trade by opening up the great trans-oceanic trade routes and the exploration of unknown territories and oceans for the western knowledge.