88 Facts About USS Constitution

USS Constitution, known as Old Ironsides, is a three-masted wooden-hulled heavy frigate of the United States Navy.

USS Constitution's was launched in 1797, one of six original frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 and the third constructed.

USS Constitution's was built at Edmund Hartt's shipyard in the North End of Boston, Massachusetts.

USS Constitution's continued to serve as flagship in the Mediterranean and African squadrons, and she circled the world in the 1840s.

USS Constitution's carried American artwork and industrial displays to the Paris Exposition of 1878.

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USS Constitution was retired from active service in 1881 and served as a receiving ship until being designated a museum ship in 1907.

USS Constitution's sailed under her own power for her 200th birthday in 1997, and again in August 2012 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of her victory over Guerriere.

USS Constitution's is usually berthed at Pier 1 of the former Charlestown Navy Yard at one end of Boston's Freedom Trail.

USS Constitution was rated as a 44-gun frigate, but she often carried more than 50 guns at a time.

USS Constitution's was patrolling between Chesapeake Bay and Savannah, Georgia, a month later when Nicholson found his first opportunity for capturing a prize.

USS Constitution placed a prize crew aboard Niger and brought her into Norfolk, Virginia.

USS Constitution sailed south again a week later to escort a merchant convoy, but her bowsprit was severely damaged in a gale and she returned to Boston for repairs.

Captain Silas Talbot was recalled to duty to command USS Constitution and serve as Commodore of operations in the West Indies.

USS Constitution busied herself with routine patrols, and Talbot made diplomatic visits.

USS Constitution went to general quarters, then ran alongside the unknown ship.

USS Constitution identified his ship as the United States frigate Constitution but received an evasive answer from the other ship.

USS Constitution had come alongside her so quietly that Maidstone had delayed answering with the proper hail while she readied her guns.

USS Constitution procured a number of smaller gunboats that could move in closer to Tripoli than was feasible for Constitution, given her deep draft.

USS Constitution primarily provided gunfire support, bombarding the shore batteries of Tripoli—yet Karamanli remained firm in his demand for ransom and tribute, despite his losses.

USS Constitution's was to sail into Tripoli harbor and blow up in the midst of the corsair fleet, close under the walls of the city.

USS Constitution was ordered to Malta on the 11th for repairs and, while en route, captured two Greek vessels attempting to deliver wheat into Tripoli.

USS Constitution's resumed the blockade of Tripoli on 5 April 1805, capturing a Tripoline xebec, along with two prizes that the xebec had captured.

USS Constitution's spent most of the following two years on training runs and ordinary duty.

USS Constitution was becalmed and unable to run from the five British ships, but Hull acted on a suggestion from his First Lieutenant Charles Morris.

USS Constitution ordered the crew to put boats over the side to tow the ship out of range, using kedge anchors to draw the ship forward and wetting the sails to take advantage of every breath of wind.

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USS Constitution captured three British merchantmen, which Hull burned rather than risk taking them back to an American port.

USS Constitution sailed offshore in search of prizes, leaving Hornet to await the departure of Bonne Citoyenne.

USS Constitution's was able to recover and returned a series of broadsides to Java.

USS Constitution's lay in shambles, an unmanageable wreck with a badly wounded crew, and she surrendered.

USS Constitution returned to Sao Salvador on 1 January 1813 to disembark the prisoners of Java, where she met with Hornet and her two British prizes.

Bainbridge determined that USS Constitution required new spar deck planking and beams, masts, sails, and rigging, as well as replacement of her copper bottom.

USS Constitution had left Boston not fully supplied, but Lord Nelsons stores supplied a Christmas dinner for the crew.

USS Constitution was cruising off Cape Finisterre on 8 February 1815 when Stewart learned that the Treaty of Ghent had been signed.

USS Constitution concentrated fire on Cyane, which soon struck her colors.

USS Constitution overtook her and, after several more broadsides, she struck her colors.

USS Constitution had suffered little damage in the battle, though it was later discovered that she had twelve 32-pound British cannonballs embedded in her hull, none of which had penetrated.

USS Constitution emerged from the war undefeated, though her sister ships Chesapeake and President were not so fortunate, having been captured in 1813 and 1815 respectively.

USS Constitution was moved to Boston and placed in ordinary in January 1816, sitting out the Second Barbary War.

Charlestown Navy Yard's commandant Isaac Hull directed a refitting of USS Constitution to prepare her for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron in April 1820.

USS Constitution otherwise experienced an uneventful tour, sailing in company with Ontario and Nonsuch, until crew behavior during shore leave gave Jones a reputation as a commodore who was lax in discipline.

USS Constitution arrived in Boston on 31 May 1824, and Jones was relieved of command.

USS Constitution put in for repairs during December and into January 1826, until Daniel Todd Patterson assumed command on 21 February.

USS Constitution returned to Boston on 4 July 1828 and was placed in reserve.

USS Constitution was built in an era when a ship's expected service life was 10 to 15 years.

Secretary Branch approved the costs, and USS Constitution began a leisurely repair period while awaiting completion of the dry dock then under construction at the yard.

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Elliot had posted guards on USS Constitution to ensure the safety of the figurehead, but Dewey crossed the Charles River in a small boat, using the noise of thunderstorms to mask his movements, and managed to saw off most of Jackson's head.

Elliot was appointed captain of USS Constitution and got underway in March 1835 to New York, where he ordered repairs to the Jackson figurehead, avoiding a second round of controversy.

USS Constitution turned to Captain John Percival, known in the service as "Mad Jack".

USS Constitution's got underway on 29 May 1844 carrying Ambassador to Brazil Henry A Wise and his family, arriving at Rio de Janeiro on 2 August after making two port visits along the way.

USS Constitution's sailed again on 8 September, making port calls at Madagascar, Mozambique, and Zanzibar, and arriving at Sumatra on 1 January 1845.

USS Constitution went ashore with a squad of Marines to speak with the local Mandarin.

USS Constitution released the hostages after two days, attempting to show good faith towards the Mandarin, who had demanded their return.

USS Constitution's found Commodore John D Sloat and his flagship Savannah there; Sloat informed Percival that Constitution was needed in Mexico, as the United States was preparing for war after the Texas annexation.

USS Constitution began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron.

USS Constitution's was involved in a severe collision with the English brig Confidence, cutting her in half, which sank with the loss of her captain.

The surviving crew members were carried back to America, where USS Constitution was put in ordinary , this time at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, in January 1851.

USS Constitution was recommissioned on 22 December 1852 under the command of John Rudd.

USS Constitution's carried Commodore Isaac Mayo for duty with the African Squadron, departing the yard on 2 March 1853 on a leisurely sail towards Africa and arriving there on 18 June.

In 1857, USS Constitution was moved to dry dock at the Portsmouth Navy Yard for conversion into a training ship.

USS Constitution's was recommissioned on 1 August 1860 and moved from Portsmouth to the Naval Academy.

At the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861, USS Constitution was ordered to relocate farther north after threats had been made against her by Confederate sympathizers.

USS Constitution's was relocated, along with the Naval Academy, to Fort Adams in Newport, Rhode Island, for the duration of the war.

USS Constitution was overhauled beginning in 1873 in order to participate in the centennial celebrations of the United States.

USS Constitution's got underway for the United States on 16 January 1879, but poor navigation ran her aground the next day near Bollard Head, Dorset, United Kingdom.

USS Constitution's was refloated with the assistance of the tugs Commodore, Lightning, Lothair, Royal Albert, Malta and Telegraph.

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USS Constitution's was towed into the Portsmouth Naval Dockyard, Hampshire, England, where only minor damage was found and repaired.

USS Constitution's was moved to the Portsmouth Navy Yard and used as a receiving ship.

USS Constitution's arrived at the Charlestown Navy Yard under tow on 21 September 1897 and, after her centennial celebrations in October, she lay there with an uncertain future.

In 1900, Congress authorized the restoration of USS Constitution but did not appropriate any funds for the project; funding was to be raised privately.

In 1903, the Massachusetts Historical Society's president Charles Francis Adams requested of Congress that USS Constitution be rehabilitated and placed back into active service.

In 1905, Secretary of the Navy Charles Joseph Bonaparte suggested that USS Constitution be towed out to sea and used as target practice, after which she would be allowed to sink.

The name USS Constitution was originally destined for the lead ship of the class, but was shuffled between hulls until CC-5 was given the name; construction of CC-5 was canceled in 1923 due to the Washington Naval Treaty.

The incomplete hull was sold for scrap and Old USS Constitution was granted the return of her name on 24 July 1925.

Meanwhile, Charles Francis Adams had been appointed as Secretary of the Navy, and he proposed that USS Constitution make a tour of the United States upon her completion, as a gift to the nation for its efforts to help restore her.

USS Constitution's went as far north as Bar Harbor, Maine, south and into the Gulf of Mexico, then through the Panama Canal Zone, and north again to Bellingham, Washington, on the Pacific Coast.

USS Constitution returned to her home port of Boston in May 1934 after more than 4.

USS Constitution's was maintained by a small crew who were berthed on the ship, requiring more reliable heating.

In early 1941, USS Constitution was assigned the hull classification symbol IX-21 and began to serve as a brig for officers awaiting court-martial.

USS Constitution set the precedent that all construction work on Constitution was to be aimed towards maintaining her to the 1812 configuration for which she is most noted.

Privately run USS Constitution Museum opened on 8 April 1976, and Commander Martin dedicated a tract of land as "Constitution Grove" one month later, located at the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Indiana.

USS Constitution entered dry dock in 1992 for an inspection and minor repair period that turned out to be her most comprehensive structural restoration and repair since she was launched in 1797.

Mission of USS Constitution is to promote understanding of the Navy's role in war and peace through active participation in public events and education through outreach programs, public access, and historic demonstration.

USS Constitution's entered dry dock in May 2015 for a scheduled restoration, before returning to sea.

USS Constitution is berthed at Pier One of the former Charlestown Navy Yard, at the terminus of Boston's Freedom Trail.

The privately run USS Constitution Museum is nearby, located in a restored shipyard building at the foot of Pier Two.

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USS Constitution typically makes at least one "turnaround cruise" each year, during which she is towed into Boston Harbor to perform underway demonstrations, including a gun drill; she then returns to her dock in the opposite direction to ensure that she weathers evenly.

USS Constitution emerged from a three-year repair period in November 2010.

USS Constitution docked in April 2022 with the Boston Skyline in the background.