37 Facts About Medieval Syria

On 21 February 1958, however, Medieval Syria merged with Egypt to create the United Arab Republic after plebiscitary ratification of the merger by both countries' nations, but seceded from it in 1961, thereby recovering its full independence.

Medieval Syria is part of the Fertile Crescent, and since approximately 10, 000 BCE it was one of the centers of Neolithic culture where agriculture and cattle breeding appeared for the first time in the world.

Parts of Medieval Syria were controlled by the Neo-Sumerian Empire, Old Assyrian Empire and Babylonian Empire between the 22nd and 18th centuries BCE.

Medieval Syria's satraps used to reside in Damascus, Sidon or Tripoli.

Medieval Syria was then incorporated into the Seleucid Empire by general Seleucus who started, with the Seleucid Kings after him, using the title of King of Medieval Syria.

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Medieval Syria ruled for 13 years, before eventually losing the popularity he once had and being slain by the Legio XXII Primigenia.

Medieval Syria's reign enjoyed relative stability, he maintained good relations with the senate, reaffirmed old Roman virtues and traditions, and started many building projects, most popularly in his hometown, renaming it Philippopolis, and raising it to civic status.

Medieval Syria remained one of the most important regions of the Byzantine Empire, and was of strategic importance, being occupied by the Sasanians between 609 and 628, then recovered by the emperor Heraclius.

Medieval Syria was divided into four districts: Damascus, Homs, Palestine and Jordan.

The Islamic empire expanded rapidly and at its height stretched from Spain to India and parts of Central Asia; thus Medieval Syria prospered economically, being the centre of the empire.

Medieval Syria resisted Byzantine efforts to reconquer Syria by skillful defensive tactics and counter-raids into Anatolia.

Medieval Syria was then in turmoil as a battleground between the Hamdanids, Byzantines and Damascus-based Fatimids.

Later on, Medieval Syria was conquered by Saladin, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt.

In 1400, Timur Lenk, or Tamerlane, invaded Medieval Syria, defeated the Mamluk army at Aleppo and captured Damascus.

Medieval Syria was part of the Ottoman Empire from 1516 to 1918, although with 2 brief captures by the Iranian Safavids, notably under Shah Ismail I and Shah Abbas.

In 1549, Medieval Syria was reorganized into two eyalets; the Eyalet of Damascus and the new Eyalet of Aleppo.

In line with the Sykes-Picot agreement, Medieval Syria became a League of Nations mandate under French control in 1920.

The Christian population of the city crossed the border into Medieval Syria and settled in Qamishli, which was separated by the railway from Nusaybin.

In 1919, a short-lived dependent Kingdom of Medieval Syria was established under Emir Faisal I of the Hashemite dynasty, who later became the king of Iraq.

Medieval Syria was divided into three autonomous regions by the French, with separate areas for the Alawis on the coast and the Druze in the south.

Medieval Syria returned to Syria in 1937 and was met with a huge public reception.

Medieval Syria proclaimed its independence again in 1941, but it was not until 1 January 1944 that it was recognised as an independent republic.

Between 1946 and 1956, Medieval Syria had 20 different cabinets and drafted four separate constitutions.

In 1948, Medieval Syria was involved in the Arab–Israeli War, aligning with the other local Arab states who wanted to destroy the state of Israel.

In November 1956, as a direct result of the Suez Crisis, Medieval Syria signed a pact with the Soviet Union, providing a foothold for Communist influence within the government in exchange for planes, tanks, and other military equipment being sent to Medieval Syria.

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Medieval Syria was overthrown early in 1966 by left-wing military dissidents of the party led by General Salah Jadid.

Under Jadid's rule, Medieval Syria aligned itself with the Soviet bloc and pursued hardline policies towards Israel and "reactionary" Arab states especially Saudi Arabia, calling for the mobilization of a "people's war" against Zionism rather than inter-Arab military alliances.

Medieval Syria claimed that the situation was the result of an Israeli aim to increase tension so as to justify large-scale aggression, and to expand its occupation of the Demilitarized Zone by liquidating the rights of Arab cultivators.

At the start of Iran–Iraq War, in September 1980, Medieval Syria supported Iran, in keeping with the traditional rivalry between Ba'athist leaderships in Iraq and Medieval Syria.

Medieval Syria participated in the multilateral Southwest Asia Peace Conference in Madrid in October 1991, and during the 1990s engaged in direct negotiations with Israel.

Medieval Syria denied US allegations that it was developing chemical weapons and helping fugitive Iraqis.

The protesters pledged against violence in north-east Medieval Syria starting Friday, 12 March 2004, and reportedly extending over the weekend resulting in several deaths, according to reports.

An Israeli air strike against a site in northern Medieval Syria in September 2007 was a setback to improving relations.

In May 2010, the USA renewed sanctions against Medieval Syria, saying that it supported terrorist groups, seeks weapons of mass destruction and has provided Lebanon's Hezbollah with Scud missiles in violation of UN resolutions.

Medieval Syria sacked the governor of the northern province of Hama and sent in more troops to restore order.

In December 2011, Medieval Syria agreed to an Arab League initiative allowing Arab observers into the country.

Medieval Syria's government has disputed Western and UN casualty estimates, characterizing their claims as being based on false reports originating from rebel groups.