121 Facts About Parvez Musharraf

General Pervez Musharraf HI TBt is a Pakistani former politician and a retired four-star general of the Pakistan Army who became the tenth president of Pakistan after the successful military takeover of the federal government in 1999.

Parvez Musharraf served as the 10th Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee from 1998 to 2001 and the 7th Chief of Army Staff from 1998 to 2007.

Parvez Musharraf held the presidency from 2001 until 2008, he fled the country and resigned to avoid impeachment.

Parvez Musharraf studied mathematics at Forman Christian College in Lahore and was educated at the Royal College of Defence Studies in the United Kingdom.

Parvez Musharraf entered the Pakistan Military Academy in 1961 and was commissioned to the Pakistan Army in 1964.

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Parvez Musharraf saw action during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 as a second lieutenant.

Parvez Musharraf played an active role in the Afghan civil war, encouraging Pakistani support for the Taliban.

Parvez Musharraf rose to national prominence when he was promoted to four-star general by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in 1998, making Parvez Musharraf the head of the armed forces.

Parvez Musharraf led the Kargil infiltration that almost brought India and Pakistan to a full-fledged war in 1999.

Parvez Musharraf subsequently placed Sharif under strict house arrest before launching official criminal proceedings against him.

Parvez Musharraf initially remained the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs and the Chief of the Army Staff, relinquishing the former position upon confirmation of his presidency.

Parvez Musharraf reinstated the constitution in 2002, though it was heavily amended within the Legal Framework Order.

Parvez Musharraf appointed Zafarullah Jamali and later Shaukat Aziz as Prime Minister, and oversaw directed policies against terrorism, becoming a key player in the American-led war on terror.

Parvez Musharraf pushed for social liberalism under his enlightened moderation program and promoted economic liberalisation, while he banned trade unions.

Parvez Musharraf's government has been accused of human rights abuses, and he survived a number of assassination attempts during his presidency.

Parvez Musharraf returned to Pakistan in 2013 to participate in that year's general election, but was disqualified from participating after the country's high courts issued arrest warrants for him and Aziz for their alleged involvement in the assassinations of Nawab Akbar Bugti and Benazir Bhutto.

In 2019, Parvez Musharraf was sentenced to death in absentia for the treason charges, although the death sentence was later annulled by the Lahore High Court.

Parvez Musharraf's family were Muslims who were Sayyids, claiming descent from prophet Muhammad.

Parvez Musharraf came from a long line of government officials as his great-grandfather was a tax collector while his maternal grandfather was a qazi.

Parvez Musharraf's mother Zarin, born in the early 1920s, grew up in Lucknow and received her schooling there, after which she graduated from Indraprastha College at Delhi University, taking a bachelor's degree in English literature.

Parvez Musharraf then married and devoted herself to raising a family.

Parvez Musharraf's father, Syed, was an accountant who worked at the foreign office in the British Indian government and eventually became an accounting director.

Parvez Musharraf's elder brother, Javed Musharraf, based in Rome, is an economist and one of the directors of the International Fund for Agricultural Development.

Parvez Musharraf's younger brother, Naved Musharraf, is an anaesthesiologist based in Illinois, US.

At the time of his birth, Parvez Musharraf's family lived in a large home that belonged to his father's family for many years called Nehar Wali Haveli, which means "House Next to the Canal".

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Parvez Musharraf was four years old when India achieved independence and Pakistan was created as the homeland for India's Muslims.

Parvez Musharraf's family left for Pakistan in August 1947, a few days before independence.

Parvez Musharraf's father joined the Pakistan Civil Services and began to work for the Pakistani government; later, his father joined the Foreign Ministry, taking up an assignment in Turkey.

Parvez Musharraf's family moved to Ankara in 1949, when his father became part of a diplomatic deputation from Pakistan to Turkey.

Parvez Musharraf had a dog named Whiskey that gave him a "lifelong love for dogs".

At Forman, Parvez Musharraf chose mathematics as a major in which he excelled academically, but later developed an interest in economics.

Finally, in 1964, Parvez Musharraf graduated with a Bachelor's degree in his class of 29th PMA Long Course together with Ali Kuli Khan and his lifelong friend Abdul Aziz Mirza.

Parvez Musharraf was commissioned in the artillery regiment as second lieutenant and posted near the Indo-Pakistan border.

Parvez Musharraf participated in the Lahore and Sialkot war zones during the conflict.

Parvez Musharraf was promoted to captain and to major during this period.

Parvez Musharraf was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1974; and to colonel in 1978.

Parvez Musharraf was personally chosen by then-President and Chief of Army Staff general Zia-ul-Haq for this assignment due to Musharraf's wide experience in mountain and arctic warfare.

In September 1987, Parvez Musharraf commanded an assault at Bilafond La before being pushed back.

Parvez Musharraf submitted his thesis to Commandant General Antony Walker who regarded Musharraf as one of his finest students he had seen in his entire career.

Parvez Musharraf's country is fortunate to have the services of a man of his undeniable quality.

From 1993 to 1995, Parvez Musharraf repeatedly visited the United States as part of the delegation of Benazir Bhutto.

In 1993, Parvez Musharraf personally assisted Benazir Bhutto to have a secret meeting at the Pakistani Embassy in Washington, DC, with officials from the Mossad and a special envoy of Israeli premier Yitzhak Rabin.

On policy issues, Parvez Musharraf befriended senior justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan Justice Rafiq Tarar and held common beliefs with the latter.

Between 1995 and 1998, Lieutenant-General Parvez Musharraf was the corps commander of I Strike Corps stationed in Mangla, Mangla Military District.

Parvez Musharraf was in third-in-line and was well regarded by the general public and the armed forces.

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Parvez Musharraf had an excellent academic standing from his college and university studies.

Parvez Musharraf was strongly favored by the Prime Minister's colleagues: a straight officer with democratic views.

Parvez Musharraf further exacerbated his divide with Nawaz Sharif after recommending the forced retirement of senior officers close to the Prime minister, including Lieutenant-General Tariq Pervez, commander of XII Corps, who was a brother-in-law of a high profile cabinet minister.

Parvez Musharraf had severe confrontation and became involved in serious altercations with his senior officers, chief of naval staff Admiral Fasih Bokhari, chief of air staff, air chief marshal PQ Mehdi and senior lieutenant-general Ali Kuli Khan.

Parvez Musharraf had left for a weekend trip to take part in Sri Lanka's Army's 50th-anniversary celebrations.

When Pervez Parvez Musharraf was returning from an official visit to Colombo his flight was denied landing permissions to Karachi International Airport after orders were issued from the Prime Minister's office.

Parvez Musharraf quickly purged the government of political enemies, notably Ziauddin and national airline chief Shahid Khaqan Abbassi.

Ultimately, Parvez Musharraf assumed executive powers but did not obtain the office of the Prime minister.

Senior military appointments in the inter-services were extremely important and crucial for Parvez Musharraf to keep the legitimacy and the support for his coup in the joint inter-services.

In late December 1999, Parvez Musharraf dealt with his first international crisis when India accused Pakistan's involvement in the Indian Airlines Flight 814 hijacking.

Parvez Musharraf labelled many of his senior professors at NDU as "pseudo-intellectuals", including the NDU's notable professors, General Aslam Beg and Jehangir Karamat under whom Parvez Musharraf studied and served well.

Parvez Musharraf's trial began in early March 2000 in an anti-terrorism court, which is designed for speedy trials.

Parvez Musharraf testified Musharraf began preparations of a coup after the Kargil conflict.

Parvez Musharraf called for nationwide political elections in the country after accepting the ruling of the Supreme Court of Pakistan.

Parvez Musharraf was the first military president to accept the rulings of the Supreme Court and holding free and fair elections in 2002, part of his vision to return democratic rule to the country.

In October 2002, Pakistan held general elections, which the pro-Parvez Musharraf PML-Q won wide margins, although it had failed to gain an absolute majority.

Parvez Musharraf succeeded to pass the XVII amendment, which grants powers to dissolve the parliament, with approval required from the Supreme Court.

Parvez Musharraf accepted the resignation of Jamali and asked his close colleague Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain to appoint a new prime minister in place.

Parvez Musharraf regarded Aziz as his right hand and preferable choice for the office of Prime minister.

President [Parvez Musharraf] stood clapping his hands right next to us as we sang Azadi and Jazba, and moved to the beat with us.

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Parvez Musharraf granted national amnesty to the political workers of the liberal parties like Muttahida Qaumi Movement and Pakistan Muslim League, and supported MQM in becoming a central player in the government.

Parvez Musharraf disbanded the cultural policies of the previous Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, and quickly adopted Benazir Bhutto's cultural policies after disbanding Indian channels in the country.

In 2001, Parvez Musharraf got on stage with the rock music band, Junoon, and sang the national song with the band.

On political fronts, Parvez Musharraf faced fierce opposition from the ultra-conservative alliance, the MMA, led by clergyman Maulana Noorani.

Parvez Musharraf instituted prohibitions on foreign students' access to studying Islam within Pakistan, an effort that began as an outright ban but was later reduced to restrictions on obtaining visas.

On 18 September 2005, Parvez Musharraf made a speech before a broad based audience of Jewish leadership, sponsored by the American Jewish Congress's Council for World Jewry, in New York City.

Parvez Musharraf was widely criticised by Middle Eastern leaders, but was met with some praise among Jewish leadership.

In 2004, Parvez Musharraf began a series of talks with India to resolve the Kashmir dispute.

From September 2001 until his resignation in 2007 from the military, Parvez Musharraf's presidency was affected by scandals relating to nuclear weapons, which were detrimental to his authoritative legitimacy in the country and in the international community.

In October 2001, Parvez Musharraf authorized a sting operation led by FIA to arrest two physicists Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood and Chaudhry Abdul Majeed, because of their supposed connection with the Taliban after they secretly visited Taliban-controlled Afghanistan in 2000.

In December 2001, Parvez Musharraf authorized security hearings and the two scientists were taken into the custody by the JAG Branch ; security hearings continued until early 2002.

On 27 February 2001, Parvez Musharraf spoke highly of Khan at a state dinner in Islamabad, and he personally approved Khan's appointment as Science Advisor to the Government.

In 2004, Parvez Musharraf relieved Abdul Qadeer Khan from his post and initially denied knowledge of the government's involvement in nuclear proliferation, despite Khan's claim that Parvez Musharraf was the "Big Boss" of the proliferation ring.

Parvez Musharraf quickly pardoned Abdul Qadeer Khan in exchange for cooperation and issued confinement orders against Khan that limited Khan's movement.

When Parvez Musharraf came to power in 1999, he promised that the corruption in the government bureaucracy would be cleaned up.

In December 2003, Parvez Musharraf made a deal with MMA, a six-member coalition of hardline Islamist parties, agreeing to leave the army by 31 December 2004.

On 1 January 2004, Parvez Musharraf had won a confidence vote in the Electoral College of Pakistan, consisting of both houses of Parliament and the four provincial assemblies.

Parvez Musharraf's resignation was at least partially due to his public differences with the party chairman, Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain.

Parvez Musharraf nominated Shaukat Aziz, the minister for finance and a former employee of Citibank and head of Citibank Private Banking as the new prime minister.

Parvez Musharraf responded by 4,500 soldiers, supported by tanks and helicopters, to guard the gas field.

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President General Pervez Parvez Musharraf signed into law the "Women's Protection Bill", on 1 December 2006.

Parvez Musharraf's government increased reserved seats for women in assemblies, in order to increase women's representation and make their presence more effective.

Parvez Musharraf subsequently denied making these comments, but the Post made available an audio recording of the interview, in which Musharraf could be heard making the quoted remarks.

The remarks made by Musharraf sparked outrage and protests both internationally and in Pakistan by various groups i e women groups, activists.

On 14 December 2003, Parvez Musharraf survived an assassination attempt when a powerful bomb went off minutes after his highly guarded convoy crossed a bridge in Rawalpindi; It was the third such attempt during his four-year rule.

On 9 March 2007, Parvez Musharraf suspended Chief Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry and pressed corruption charges against him.

Parvez Musharraf replaced him with Acting Chief Justice Javed Iqbal.

Parvez Musharraf clarified Sharif's and Bhutto's right to return to Pakistan.

Parvez Musharraf called for a three-day mourning period after Bhutto's assassination on 27 December 2007.

On 2 October 2007, Parvez Musharraf appointed General Tariq Majid as Chairman Joint Chiefs Committee and approved General Ashfaq Kayani as vice chief of the army starting 8 October.

When Parvez Musharraf resigned from military on 28 November 2007, Kayani became Chief of Army Staff.

Parvez Musharraf suspended the Constitution, imposed a state of emergency, and fired the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court again.

On 23 March 2008, President Parvez Musharraf said an "era of democracy" had begun in Pakistan and that he had put the country "on the track of development and progress".

Parvez Musharraf delayed his departure for the Beijing Olympics, by a day.

Parvez Musharraf then went on a speaking and lectureship tour through the Middle East, Europe, and United States.

Parvez Musharraf launched his own political party, the All Pakistan Muslim League, in June 2010.

PML-N has tried to get Pervez Parvez Musharraf to stand trial in an article 6 trial for treason in relation to the emergency on 3 November 2007.

Saudi Arabia exerted its influence to attempt to prevent treason charges, under Article 6 of the constitution, from being brought against Parvez Musharraf, citing existing agreements between the states, as well as pressuring Sharif directly.

On 11 February 2011 the Anti Terrorism Court, issued an arrest warrant for Parvez Musharraf and charged him with conspiracy to commit murder of Benazir Bhutto.

On Piers Morgan Tonight, Parvez Musharraf announced his plans to return to Pakistan on 23 March 2012 in order to seek the Presidency in 2013.

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Parvez Musharraf landed at Jinnah International Airport, Karachi, via a chartered Emirates flight with Pakistani journalists and foreign news correspondents.

On 16 April 2013, three weeks after he returned to Pakistan, an electoral tribunal in Chitral declared Parvez Musharraf disqualified from contesting elections, effectively quashing his political ambitions.

Parvez Musharraf had technically been on bail since his return to the country, and the court now declared his bail ended.

Parvez Musharraf escaped from court with the aid of his security personnel, and went to his farm-house mansion.

The following day, Parvez Musharraf was placed under house arrest but was later transferred to police headquarters in Islamabad.

Parvez Musharraf characterized his arrest as "politically motivated" and his legal team has declared their intention to fight the charges in the Supreme Court.

On 3 April 2014, Parvez Musharraf escaped the fourth assassination attempt, resulting in an injury of a woman, according to Pakistani news.

Parvez Musharraf was indicted on 20 August 2013 for Bhutto's assassination in 2007.

On 18 March 2016, Parvez Musharraf's name was removed from the Exit Control List and he was allowed to travel abroad, citing medical treatment.

In 2017, Parvez Musharraf appeared as a political analyst on his weekly television show Sab Se Pehle Pakistan with President Parvez Musharraf, hosted by BOL News.

Parvez Musharraf is the first Pakistani Army General to be sentenced to death.

Parvez Musharraf challenged the verdict, and on 13 January 2020, the Lahore High Court annulled the death sentence against Parvez Musharraf, ruling that the special court that held the trial was unconstitutional.

Parvez Musharraf is the second son of his parents and has two brothers—Javed and Naved.

Parvez Musharraf married Sehba, who is from Karachi, on 28 December 1968.

Parvez Musharraf has close family ties to the prominent Kheshgi family.

Parvez Musharraf published his autobiography—In the Line of Fire: A Memoir—in 2006.