54 Facts About Mainz

1.

Mainz) is the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate (German: Rheinland-Pfalz), Germany.

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2.

Mainz is on the left bank of the Rhine, opposite to the place that the Main joins the Rhine.

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3.

Mainz is an independent city with a population of 218, 578 and forms part of the Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region.

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4.

Mainz was founded by the Romans in the 1st century BC as a military fortress on the northernmost frontier of the empire and provincial capital of Germania Superior.

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5.

Mainz is famous as the birthplace of Johannes Gutenberg, the inventor of a movable-type printing press, who in the early 1450s manufactured his first books in the city, including the Gutenberg Bible.

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6.

Mainz was heavily damaged in World War II; more than 30 air raids destroyed most of the historic buildings.

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7.

Mainz is notable as a transport hub, for wine production, and for its many rebuilt historic buildings.

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8.

Mainz is on the 50th latitude north, on the left bank of the Rhine.

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9.

Mainz is a river port city as the Rhine which connects with its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle and thereby continental Europe with the Port of Rotterdam and thus the North Sea.

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10.

The Mainz Sand Dunes area is a nature reserve with a unique landscape and rare steppe vegetation for this area.

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11.

Linguistic analysis of the many forms that the name "Mainz" has taken on make it clear that it is a simplification of Mogontiacum.

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12.

Mainz was a base of a Roman river fleet, the Classis Germanica.

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13.

The Romans repeatedly re-asserted control; however, the troops stationed at Mainz became chiefly non-Italic and the emperors had only one or two Italian ancestors in a pedigree that included chiefly peoples of the northern frontier.

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14.

Mainz was assassinated in 454 by the hand of his employer, who in turn was stabbed to death by friends of Aetius in 455.

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15.

Mainz's father was a Suebian; his mother, a princess of the Visigoths.

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16.

Mainz was succeeded by his son, Syagrius, who was defeated by Clovis in 486.

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17.

Mainz had sheltered a Christian community long before the conversion of Clovis.

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18.

Mainz was not central any longer but was on the border, creating a question of the nationality to which it belonged, which descended into modern times as the question of Alsace-Lorraine.

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19.

The first archbishop in Mainz, Boniface, was killed in 754 while trying to convert the Frisians to Christianity and is buried in Fulda.

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20.

Boniface held a personal title of archbishop; Mainz became a regular archbishopric see in 781, when Boniface's successor Lullus was granted the pallium by Pope Adrian I Harald Klak, king of Jutland, his family and followers, were baptized at Mainz in 826, in the abbey of St Alban's.

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21.

Besides Rome, the diocese of Mainz today is the only diocese in the world with an episcopal see that is called a Holy See.

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22.

The Archbishops of Mainz traditionally were primas germaniae, the substitutes of the Pope north of the Alps.

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23.

Mainz concentrated on the study of the Talmud, creating a German Jewish tradition.

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24.

Mainz is the legendary home of the martyred Rabbi Amnon of Mainz, composer of the Unetanneh Tokef prayer.

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25.

City of Mainz responded to the Jewish population in a variety of ways, behaving in a capricious manner towards them.

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26.

In 1816, the part of the former French Departement which is known today as Rhenish Hesse was awarded to the Hesse-Darmstadt, Mainz being the capital of the new Hessian province of Rhenish Hesse.

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27.

From 1816 to 1866, to the German Confederation Mainz was the most important fortress in the defence against France, and had a strong garrison of Austrian, Prussian and Bavarian troops.

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28.

Centuries the inhabitants of the fortress of Mainz had suffered from a severe shortage of space which led to disease and other inconveniences.

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29.

In 1872 Mayor Carl Wallau and the council of Mainz persuaded the military government to sign a contract to expand the city.

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30.

The city expansion more than doubled the urban area which allowed Mainz to participate in the industrial revolution which had previously avoided the city for decades.

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31.

Mainz planned the first sewer system for the old part of town since Roman times and persuaded the city government to relocate the railway line from the Rhine side to the west end of the town.

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32.

In 1923 Mainz participated in the Rhineland separatist movement that proclaimed a republic in the Rhineland.

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33.

Mainz was captured on 22 March 1945 against uneven German resistance by the 90th Infantry Division under William A McNulty, a formation of the XII Corps under Third Army commanded by General George S Patton, Jr.

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34.

Patton used the ancient strategic gateway through Germania Superior to cross the Rhine south of Mainz, drive down the Danube towards Czechoslovakia and end the possibility of a Bavarian redoubt crossing the Alps in Austria when the war ended.

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35.

Mainz is home to the headquarters of the Bundeswehrs Landeskommando Rhineland-Palatinate and other units.

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36.

The attack on the afternoon of 27 February 1945 remains the most destructive of all 33 bombings that Mainz has suffered in World War II in the collective memory of most of the population living then.

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37.

Mainz lay within the French-controlled sector of Germany and it was a French architect and town-planner, Marcel Lods, who produced a Le Corbusier-style plan of an ideal architecture.

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38.

The new town hall of Mainz had been designed by Arne Jacobsen and finished by Dissing+Weitling.

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39.

City of Mainz is divided into 15 local districts according to the main statute of the city of Mainz.

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40.

Coat of arms of Mainz is derived from the coat of arms of the Archbishops of Mainz and features two six-spoked silver wheels connected by a silver cross on a red background.

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41.

Current mayor of Mainz is Michael Ebling of the Social Democratic Party since 2012.

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42.

Carnival in Mainz has its roots in the criticism of social and political injustices under the shelter of cap and bells.

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43.

Mainz was one of three important centres of Jewish theology and learning in Central Europe during the Middle Ages.

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44.

FSV Mainz 05 has a long history in the German football leagues.

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45.

Mainz is closely associated with renowned coach Jurgen Klopp, who spent the vast majority of his playing career at the club and was the manager for seven years, leading the club to Bundesliga football for the first time.

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46.

Local wrestling club ASV Mainz 1888 is currently in the top division of team wrestling in Germany, the Bundesliga.

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47.

In 2007 the Mainz Athletics won the German Men's Championship in baseball.

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48.

Universitats-Sportclub Mainz is a German sports club based in Mainz (Germany).

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49.

Baseball and Softball Club Mainz Athletics is a German baseball and softball club located in the city of Mainz in Rhineland-Palatinate.

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50.

Mainz has been a wine-growing region since Roman times and is one of the centres of the German wine industry.

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51.

The Port of Mainz, now handling mainly containers, is a sizable industrial area to the north of the city, along the banks of the Rhine.

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52.

Mainz offers a wide array of bicycle transportation facilities and events, including several miles of on-street bike lanes.

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53.

Mainz is served by Frankfurt Airport, the busiest airport by passenger traffic in Germany by far, the third busiest in Europe and the ninth busiest worldwide in 2009.

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54.

Mainz has a number of different names in other languages and dialects.

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