Louis Philippe was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France.
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55 Facts About Louis Philippe
2.
Louis Philippe fled to Switzerland in 1793 after being connected with a plot to restore France's monarchy.
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3.
Louis Philippe remained in exile for 21 years until the Bourbon Restoration.
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4.
Louis Philippe was proclaimed king in 1830 after his fifth cousin Charles X was forced to abdicate by the July Revolution.
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5.
Louis Philippe promoted friendship with Great Britain and sponsored colonial expansion, notably the French conquest of Algeria.
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6.
Louis Philippe's popularity faded as economic conditions in France deteriorated in 1847, and he was forced to abdicate after the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1848.
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7.
Louis Philippe lived for the remainder of his life in exile in the United Kingdom.
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10.
Louis Philippe was the eldest of three sons and a daughter, a family that was to have erratic fortunes from the beginning of the French Revolution to the Bourbon Restoration.
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11.
Louis Philippe's father was exiled from the royal court, and the Orleans confined themselves to studies of the literature and sciences emerging from the Enlightenment.
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12.
Louis Philippe was tutored by the Countess of Genlis, beginning in 1782.
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13.
Louis Philippe instilled in him a fondness for liberal thought; it is probably during this period that Louis Philippe picked up his slightly Voltairean brand of Catholicism.
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14.
When Louis Philippe's grandfather died in 1785, his father succeeded him as Duke of Orleans and Louis Philippe succeeded his father as Duke of Chartres.
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15.
In 1788, with the Revolution looming, the young Louis Philippe showed his liberal sympathies when he helped break down the door of a prison cell in Mont Saint-Michel, during a visit there with the Countess of Genlis.
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16.
Louis Philippe grew up in a period that changed Europe as a whole and, following his father's strong support for the Revolution, he involved himself completely in those changes.
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17.
Louis Philippe was a model officer, and demonstrated his personal bravery in two famous instances.
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18.
Louis Philippe put himself between a peasant armed with a carbine and the priests, saving their lives.
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19.
The next day, Louis Philippe dived into a river to save a drowning local engineer.
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20.
Louis Philippe served under his father's crony, Armand Louis de Gontaut the Duke of Biron, along with several officers who later gained distinction.
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21.
Louis Philippe commanded a division under him in the Valmy campaign.
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22.
Louis Philippe was recalled to Paris to give an account of the Battle at Valmy to the French government.
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23.
Louis Philippe had a rather trying interview with Danton, the Minister of Justice, which he later told his children about.
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24.
Louis Philippe's division sustained heavy casualties as it attacked through a wood, and retreated in disorder.
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25.
General Louis Philippe rallied a group of units, dubbing them "the battalion of Mons", and pushed forward along with other French units, finally overwhelming the outnumbered Austrians.
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26.
Louis Philippe was alienated by the more radical policies of the Republic.
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27.
Louis Philippe Egalite spoke in the National Convention, condemning his son for his actions, asserting that he would not spare his son, much akin to the Roman consul Brutus and his sons.
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28.
Meanwhile, Louis Philippe was forced to live in the shadows, avoiding both pro-Republican revolutionaries and Legitimist French emigre centres in various parts of Europe and in the Austrian army.
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29.
Louis Philippe first moved to Switzerland under an assumed name, and met up with the Countess of Genlis and his sister Adelaide at Schaffhausen.
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31.
Louis Philippe's salary was 1,400 francs and he taught under the name Monsieur Chabos.
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32.
Louis Philippe visited Scandinavia in 1795 and then moved on to Finland.
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33.
Louis Philippe lived in the rectory under the name Muller, as a guest of the local Lutheran vicar.
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34.
Louis Philippe's visit to Cape Cod in 1797 coincided with the division of the town of Eastham into two towns, one of which took the name of Orleans, possibly in his honour.
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35.
Louis Philippe is thought to have met Isaac Snow of Orleans, Massachusetts, who had escaped to France from a British prison hulk during the American Revolutionary War.
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36.
In 1839, while reflecting on his visit to the United States, Louis Philippe explained in a letter to Guizot that his three years there had a large influence on his political beliefs and judgments when he became king.
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38.
Louis Philippe struck up a lasting friendship with the British prince.
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39.
In 1808, Louis Philippe proposed to Princess Elizabeth, daughter of King George III of the United Kingdom.
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41.
The marriage was controversial because her mother's younger sister was Queen Marie Antoinette, and Louis Philippe's father was considered to have a role in Marie Antoinette's execution.
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42.
Louis Philippe had been very close to her sister and devastated by her execution, but she had given her consent after Louis Philippe had convinced her that he was determined to compensate for the mistakes of his father, and after having agreed to answer all her questions regarding his father.
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43.
Louis Philippe had reconciled the Orleans family with Louis XVIII in exile, and was once more to be found in the elaborate royal court.
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44.
Louis Philippe was on far friendlier terms with Louis XVIII's brother and successor, Charles X, who acceded to the throne in 1824, and with whom he socialized.
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45.
Louis Philippe ruled in an unpretentious fashion, avoiding the pomp and lavish spending of his predecessors.
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46.
Louis Philippe had, with his own hands, demolished the iron cage of Mont-Saint-Michel, built by Louis XI, and used by Louis XV.
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47.
Louis Philippe is good at times even to the point of being admirable.
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49.
Louis Philippe was executed by guillotine together with his two co-conspirators the following year.
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50.
On 24 February 1848, during the February 1848 Revolution, King Louis Philippe abdicated in favour of his nine-year-old grandson, Philippe, comte de Paris.
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51.
Louis Philippe was first buried at St Charles Borromeo Chapel in Weybridge, Surrey.
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52.
Head of the Royal House of Bourbon, Louis is descended in the male line from Philippe, Duke of Anjou, the second grandson of the Sun-King, Louis XIV.
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54.
Port Louis-Philippe, the oldest French colony in the South Pacific and the oldest town in the Canterbury Region of the New Zealand's South Island was named in honour of Louis Philippe who reigned as King of the French at the time the colony was established on 18 August 1840.
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55.
Louis Philippe had been instrumental in supporting the settlement project.
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