17 Facts About Water buffalo

Two extant types of water buffalo are recognized, based on morphological and behavioural criteria: the river buffalo of the Indian subcontinent and further west to the Balkans, Egypt and Italy and the swamp buffalo, found from Assam in the west through Southeast Asia to the Yangtze valley of China in the east.

The river Water buffalo dispersed west as far as Egypt, the Balkans, and Italy; while swamp Water buffalo dispersed to the rest of Southeast Asia and up to the Yangtze River valley.

Tedong bonga is a piebald water buffalo featuring a unique black and white colouration that is favoured by the Toraja of Sulawesi.

Water buffalo availability is important in hot climates, since they need wallows, rivers, or splashing water to assist in thermoregulation.

Some water buffalo breeds are adapted to saline seaside shores and saline sandy terrain.

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The river Water buffalo dispersed west as far as Egypt, the Balkans, and Italy; while swamp Water buffalo dispersed to the rest of Southeast Asia and up to the Yangtze River valley.

Present-day river Water buffalo is the result of complex domestication processes involving more than one maternal lineage and a significant maternal gene flow from wild populations after the initial domestication events.

Sequencing of cytochrome b genes of Bubalus species implies that the water buffalo originated from at least two populations, and that the river-type and the swamp-type have differentiated at the full species level.

In Japan, the water buffalo was used as a domestic animal throughout the Ryukyu Islands or Okinawa prefecture, however it is almost extinct now and mainly used as a tourist attraction.

Mediterranean Water buffalo are kept in Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia, Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, with a few hundred in the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Hungary.

Water buffalo have been the main grazing animals on the subcoastal plains and river basins between Darwin and Arnhem Land since the 1880s.

The Water buffalo left behind after the failed British attempt at settlement became a threat to the local Aboriginal peoples, as they had no guns at that time.

Water buffalo milk contains higher levels of total solids, crude protein, fat, calcium, and phosphorus, and slightly higher content of lactose compared with those of cow milk.

Water buffalo milk is processed into a large variety of dairy products, including:.

Water buffalo meat, sometimes called "carabeef", is often passed off as beef in certain regions, and is a major source of export revenue for India.

In many Asian regions, water buffalo meat is less preferred due to its toughness; however, recipes have evolved where the slow cooking process and spices not only make the meat palatable, but preserve it, an important factor in hot climates where refrigeration is not always available.

Also, the first in vitro river Water buffalo was born there in 2004 from an in vitro-produced, vitrified embryo, named "Glory" after President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.