94 Facts About John Paul Ii

John Paul Ii was elected pope by the second papal conclave of 1978, which was called after John Paul I, who had been elected in August to succeed Pope Paul VI, died after 33 days.

John Paul II attempted to improve the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism, Islam, and the Eastern Orthodox Church.

John Paul Ii maintained the church's previous positions on such matters as abortion, artificial contraception, the ordination of women, and a celibate clergy, and although he supported the reforms of the Second Vatican Council, he was seen as generally conservative in their interpretation.

John Paul Ii has been credited with helping to end Communist rule in his native Poland as well as the rest of Europe.

John Paul Ii was the youngest of three children born to Karol Wojtyla, an ethnic Pole, and Emilia Kaczorowska, who was of distant Lithuanian heritage.

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John Paul Ii performed with various theatrical groups and worked as a playwright.

John Paul Ii spent two weeks there recovering from a severe concussion and a shoulder injury.

John Paul Ii's later credited Wojtyla with saving her life that day.

John Paul Ii did everything he could to ensure that Berger leave Poland to be raised by his Jewish relatives in the United States.

John Paul Ii resided in the Belgian Pontifical College during this time, under rectorship of Maximilien de Furstenberg.

John Paul Ii arrived at Niegowic at harvest time, where his first action was to kneel and kiss the ground.

John Paul Ii repeated this gesture, which he adopted from Jean Marie Baptiste Vianney, throughout his papacy.

John Paul Ii taught ethics at Jagiellonian University and subsequently at the Catholic University of Lublin.

John Paul Ii translated Scheler's Formalism and the Ethics of Substantive Values.

John Paul Ii focused on creating original literary work during his first dozen years as a priest.

John Paul Ii was consequently summoned to Warsaw to meet the Primate of Poland, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski, who informed him of his appointment.

John Paul Ii participated in the assemblies of the Synod of Bishops.

On 26 June 1967, John Paul Ii VI announced Wojtyla's promotion to the College of Cardinals.

John Paul Ii accepted his election with the words: "With obedience in faith to Christ, my Lord, and with trust in the Mother of Christ and the Church, in spite of great difficulties, I accept".

John Paul Ii consistently attracted large crowds, some among the largest ever assembled in human history, such as the Manila World Youth Day, which gathered up to four million people, the largest papal gathering ever, according to the Vatican.

John Paul Ii was the first pope ever to visit several countries in one year, starting in 1979 with Mexico and Ireland.

John Paul Ii travelled to Haiti in 1983, where he spoke in Creole to thousands of impoverished Catholics gathered to greet him at the airport.

John Paul Ii was the first Catholic pope to visit and pray in an Islamic mosque, in Damascus, Syria, in 2001.

In March 2000, while visiting Jerusalem, John Paul became the first pope in history to visit and pray at the Western Wall.

John Paul Ii's was what Joseph Nye calls 'soft power' — the power of attraction and repulsion.

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John Paul Ii began with an enormous advantage, and exploited it to the utmost: John Paul Ii headed the one institution that stood for the polar opposite of the Communist way of life that the Polish people hated.

John Paul Ii was a Pole, but beyond the regime's reach.

John Paul Ii told them to be good, not to compromise themselves, to stick by one another, to be fearless, and that God is the only source of goodness, the only standard of conduct.

John Paul II presided over nine of them: Rome, Buenos Aires, Santiago de Compostela, Czestochowa, Denver, Manila, Paris, and Toronto .

John Paul II made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land for the Great Jubilee of 2000.

John Paul Ii warned that man "giving himself over to relativism and scepticism, goes off in search of an illusory freedom apart from truth itself".

In Fides et Ratio John Paul promoted a renewed interest in philosophy and an autonomous pursuit of truth in theological matters.

John Paul II wrote extensively about workers and the social doctrine of the church, which he discussed in three encyclicals: Laborem exercens, Sollicitudo rei socialis, and Centesimus annus.

John Paul Ii argued for the importance of the family for the future of humanity.

John Paul Ii extended it to the condemnation of abortion, euthanasia and virtually all capital punishment, calling them all a part of a struggle between a "culture of life" and a "culture of death".

John Paul Ii campaigned for world debt forgiveness and social justice.

John Paul II continued to declare that contraception, abortion, and homosexual acts were gravely sinful, and, with Joseph Ratzinger, opposed liberation theology.

John Paul II was an outspoken opponent of apartheid in South Africa.

John Paul II was an outspoken opponent of the death penalty, although previous popes had accepted the practice.

John Paul II asked the Guatemalan president, Alfonso Portillo, for a moratorium on executions.

John Paul II pushed for a reference to Europe's Christian cultural roots in the draft of the European Constitution.

John Paul II said that it was up to the United Nations to solve the international conflict through diplomacy and that a unilateral aggression is a crime against peace and a violation of international law.

John Paul II was the first pontiff to denounce Mafia violence in Southern Italy.

John Paul II was a staunch opponent of the Gulf War.

John Paul Ii specifically named the Kurds, a people who were fighting a civil war against Saddam Hussein's troops in Iraq, as one such people, and referred to the war as a "darkness menacing the earth".

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John Paul Ii told Rwandan and Burundian refugees that he "was close to them and shared their immense pain".

John Paul II completed a full-scale reform of the Catholic Church's legal system, Latin and Eastern, and a reform of the Roman Curia.

John Paul II described the new Code as "the last document of Vatican II".

John Paul II promulgated the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches on 18 October 1990, by the document Sacri Canones.

John Paul II promulgated the apostolic constitution Pastor bonus on 28 June 1988.

On 11 October 1992, in his apostolic constitution Fidei depositum, John Paul ordered the publication of the Catechism of the Catholic Church.

John Paul Ii declared the publication to be "a sure norm for teaching the faith … a sure and authentic reference text for teaching Catholic doctrine and particularly for preparing local catechisms".

John Paul II has been credited with inspiring political change that not only led to the collapse of Communism in his native Poland and eventually all of Eastern Europe, but in many countries ruled by dictators.

John Paul II visited the Vicariate of Solidarity's offices, spoke with its workers, and "called upon them to continue their work, emphasizing that the Gospel consistently urges respect for human rights".

John Paul II visited Haiti on 9 March 1983, when the country was ruled by Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier.

John Paul Ii bluntly criticised the poverty of the country, directly addressing Baby Doc and his wife, Michele Bennett in front of a large crowd of Haitians:.

John Paul II's visit inspired massive protests against the Duvalier dictatorship.

John Paul II has been credited with being instrumental in bringing down Communism in Central and Eastern Europe, by being the spiritual inspiration behind its downfall and catalyst for "a peaceful revolution" in Poland.

John Paul Ii attempted to solve the problems that had arisen over centuries between the Catholic and Russian Orthodox churches, and in 2004 gave them a 1730 copy of the lost icon of Our Lady of Kazan.

John Paul II was determined to maintain good relations with the Armenian Apostolic Church, whose separation from the Holy See dated to Christian antiquity.

John Paul Ii preached in Canterbury Cathedral and received Robert Runcie, the Archbishop of Canterbury.

John Paul Ii said that he was disappointed by the Church of England's decision to ordain women and saw it as a step away from unity between the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church.

John Paul Ii allowed the creation of the a form of the Roman Rite, known informally by some as the Anglican Use, which incorporates selected elements of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer that are compatible with Catholic doctrine.

John Paul Ii permitted Archbishop Patrick Flores of San Antonio, Texas, to establish Our Lady of the Atonement Catholic Church, together as the inaugural parish for the use of this hybrid liturgy.

John Paul Ii spoke frequently about the Catholic Church's relationship with the Jewish faith.

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John Paul Ii became the first pope known to have made an official papal visit to a synagogue, when he visited the Great Synagogue of Rome on 13 April 1986.

John Paul Ii achieved far more in terms of transforming relations with both the Jewish people and the State of Israel than any other figure in the history of the Catholic Church.

John Paul II proceeded to call for the need for religious tolerance, praised nature, and emphasised common elements between animism and Christianity, saying:.

John Paul Ii officially supported the project of the Great Mosque in Rome and participated in the inauguration in 1995.

John Paul Ii kissed the Qur'an while in Syria, an act that made him popular among Muslims but disturbed many Catholics.

John Paul Ii praised Mohandas Gandhi for his "unshakeable faith in God", assured the Jains that the Catholic Church will continue to engage in dialogue with their religion and spoke of the common need to aid the poor.

John Paul II was rushed into the Vatican complex and then to the Gemelli Hospital.

John Paul Ii underwent five hours of surgery to treat his wounds.

John Paul II apologised to many groups that had suffered at the hands of the Catholic Church through the years.

When he became pope in 1978 at the age of 58, John Paul II was an avid sportsman.

John Paul Ii was extremely healthy and active, jogging in the Vatican gardens, weight training, swimming, and hiking in the mountains.

John Paul II was hospitalised with breathing problems caused by a bout of influenza on 1 February 2005.

John Paul II died in his private apartment at 21:37 CEST of heart failure from profound hypotension and complete circulatory collapse from septic shock, 46 days before his 85th birthday.

John Paul Ii's death was verified when an electrocardiogram that ran for 20 minutes showed a flatline.

John Paul Ii had no close family by the time of his death; his feelings are reflected in his words written in 2000 at the end of his Last Will and Testament.

John Paul II was interred in the grottoes under the basilica, the Tomb of the Popes.

John Paul Ii was lowered into a tomb created in the same alcove previously occupied by the remains of John XXIII.

The alcove had been empty since John Paul Ii XXIII's remains had been moved into the main body of the basilica after his beatification.

John Paul II's remains, which were not exposed, were placed in front of the Basilica's main altar, where believers could pay their respect before and after the beatification mass in St Peter's Square on 1 May 2011.

John Paul II was widely criticised for a variety of his views.

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John Paul Ii was a target of criticism from progressives for his opposition to the ordination of women and use of contraception, and from Traditional Catholics for his support for the Second Vatican Council and its reform of the liturgy.

In what The New York Times called "unusually direct language", John Paul condemned the arrogance of priests that led to the scandals:.

John Paul II accepted his resignation, and placed sanctions on him, prohibiting Paetz from exercising his ministry as bishop.

John Paul II was criticised for his support of the Opus Dei prelature and the 2002 canonisation of its founder, Josemaria Escriva, whom he called "the saint of ordinary life".

John Paul II was alleged to have links with Banco Ambrosiano, an Italian bank that collapsed in 1982.

John Paul II continued the tradition of advocating for the "Culture of life" and, in solidarity with Pope Paul VI's Humanae Vitae rejected artificial birth control, even in the use of condoms to prevent the spread of AIDS.

John Paul endorsed Cardinal Pio Laghi, who critics say supported the "Dirty War" in Argentina and was on friendly terms with the Argentine generals of the military dictatorship, playing regular tennis matches with the Navy's representative in the junta, Admiral Emilio Eduardo Massera.

John Paul Ii's served as his host when he visited New England in 1976, and photos show them together on skiing and camping trips.

In February 2016 the BBC documentary program Panorama reported that John Paul II had apparently had a 'close relationship' with the Polish-born philosopher.