60 Facts About Indian National Congress

Indian National Congress, colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots.

The Congress led India to independence from the United Kingdom, and significantly influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.

The Indian National Congress became the dominant faction, winning the 1971 general election with a huge margin.

However, another split occurred in 1979, leading to the creation of the Indian National Congress, which was recognized as the Indian National Congress by the Electoral Commission in 1981.

However, in the 2014 general election, the Indian National Congress suffered a heavy defeat, winning only 48 seats of the 543-member Lok Sabha.

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Indian National Congress conducted its first session in Bombay from 28 to 31 December 1885 at the initiative of retired Civil Service officer Allan Octavian Hume.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Indian National Congress' demands became more radical in the face of constant opposition from the British government, and the party decided to advocate in favour of the independence movement because it would allow a new political system in which Indian National Congress could be a major party.

Indian National Congress included Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Mohammed Ali Jinnah.

Jinnah was a member of the moderate group in the Indian National Congress, favouring Hindu–Muslim unity in achieving self-government.

Indian National Congress was transformed into a mass movement by Surendranath Banerjee during the partition of Bengal in 1905, and the resultant Swadeshi movement.

Indian National Congress formed an alliance with the Khilafat Movement in 1920 to fight for preservation of the Ottoman Caliphate, and rights for Indians using civil disobedience or as the tool for agitation.

The Indian National Congress gained power in eight of them – the three exceptions being Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh.

Indian National Congress was an umbrella organisation, sheltering radical socialists, traditionalists, and Hindu and Muslim conservatives.

Indian National Congress believed the establishment of basic and heavy industries was fundamental to the development and modernisation of the Indian economy.

In 1963 the Indian National Congress lost popularity following the defeat in the Indo-Chinese war of 1962.

Indian National Congress promoted the White Revolution—a national campaign to increase the production and supply of milk by creating the National Dairy Development Board.

Indian National Congress's faction, called Congress, was supported by most of the Congress MPs while the original party had the support of only 65 MPs.

The "Old Indian National Congress" retained the party symbol of a pair of bullocks carrying a yoke while Indira's breakaway faction was given a new symbol of a cow with a suckling calf by the Election Commission as the party election symbol.

In 1984, Indira Gandhi's son Rajiv Gandhi became nominal head of Indian National Congress, and went on to become prime minister upon her assassination.

Indian National Congress's administration took measures to reform the government bureaucracy and liberalise the country's economy.

Indian National Congress was campaigning in Tamil Nadu for upcoming parliamentary elections.

The conspirators, who consisted of Tamil militants from Sri Lanka and their Indian National Congress allies, had sought revenge against Gandhi because the Indian National Congress troops he sent to Sri Lanka in 1987 to help enforce a peace accord there had fought with Tamil Militant guerrillas.

Indian National Congress's rise to the prime ministership was politically significant because he was the first holder of the office from South India.

Indian National Congress's administration oversaw major economic change and experienced several home incidents that affected India's national security.

Indian National Congress is often called the "father of Indian economic reforms".

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Indian National Congress employed Manmohan Singh as his finance minister to begin a historic economic change.

Indian National Congress was succeeded as president by Sitaram Kesri, the party's first non-Brahmin leader.

Indian National Congress had previously declined offers to become actively involved in party affairs and had stayed away from politics.

The Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 222 seats in the new parliament, defeating the NDA by a substantial margin.

Indian National Congress remained as party president and headed the National Advisory Council.

Indian National Congress was succeeded by her son Rahul Gandhi, who was elected unopposed in the 2017 INC presidential election.

On 23 August 2022, Indian National Congress announced the Bharat Jodo Yatra or “unite India march, ” which begun on 7 September 2022 from Kanyakumari and culminate in Kashmir after about 5 months and after covering over 3,500 kilometers in different states of India.

On 28 August 2022, the Indian National Congress Working Committee decided to hold 2022 INC Presidential Election.

The Indian National Congress won an overwhelming majority, securing 415 seats out of 533, the largest ever majority in independent India's Lok Sabha elections history.

The Indian National Congress did badly in the elections, though it still managed to be the largest single party in the Lok Sabha.

Indian National Congress party emphasizes social equality, freedom, secularism, and equal opportunity.

Indian National Congress has positioned itself as both pro-Hindu and protector of the minorities.

The Indian National Congress has distanced itself from Hindutva ideology, though the party has softened its stance after defeat in the 2014 and 2019 general elections.

Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, which, among other things, criminalizes homosexuality, erstwhile Congress president Rahul Gandhi said, "Sexuality is a matter of personal freedom and should be left to individuals".

At present, Indian National Congress endorses a mixed economy in which the private sector and the state both direct the economy, which has characteristics of both market and planned economies.

Indian National Congress believed that the establishment of basic and heavy industry was fundamental to the development and modernisation of the Indian economy.

Indian National Congress implemented the Goods and Services Tax during his tenure.

Indian National Congress's reforms were well received by major corporate executives and economists.

Indian National Congress supported budget increases for improving literacy and health care.

Indian National Congress expanded infrastructure programmes such as the National Highway Development Programme.

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Indian National Congress's government allowed the import of fully assembled motherboards, which led to the price of computers being reduced.

When in power between 2004 and 2014, Indian National Congress worked on India's relationship with the United States.

Indian National Congress' policy has been to cultivate friendly relations with Japan as well as European Union countries including the United Kingdom, France, and Germany.

Indian National Congress' policy has been to improve relations with other developing countries, particularly Brazil and South Africa.

At present, the president and the All India Congress Committee are elected by delegates from state and district parties at an annual national conference; in every Indian state and union territory—or pradesh—there is a Pradesh Congress Committee, which is the state-level unit of the party responsible for directing political campaigns at local and state levels, and assisting the campaigns for parliamentary constituencies.

Nonetheless, in 2004, when the Indian National Congress was voted back into power, Manmohan Singh became the first Prime Minister not to be the president of the party since establishment of the practice of the president holding both positions.

The delegates elect Indian National Congress committees, including the Indian National Congress Working Committee, consisting of senior party leaders and office-bearers.

In cases of states where the Indian National Congress is single-handedly ruling the government, the CLP leader in the chief minister.

The hand symbol was first used by Indira Gandhi when she split from the Indian National Congress faction following the 1977 elections and created the New Indian National Congress.

The Indian National Congress has previously been the sole party in power in Delhi, Andhra Pradesh, Meghalaya, Haryana, Uttarakhand and in the Union Territory of Puducherry.

The Indian National Congress has never been a part of the government in Telangana the Indian National Congress has been in the power in Andhra Pradesh before the state was bifurcated.

Indian National Congress has enjoyed overwhelming electoral majority for over decades in Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Kerala, Maharashtra and Punjab.

Indian National Congress has governed a majority of the period of independence India, whereby Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi and Manmohan Singh are the country's longest-serving prime ministers.

The Indian National Congress became the largest party in the Lok Sabha for next five consecutive general elections.

Indian National Congress took office on the day of the assassination of Indira Gandhi in 1984 after the Sikh riots and at age 40 was the youngest PM of India.