215 Facts About Ulysses Grant

Later, as president, Grant was an effective civil rights executive who signed the bill that created the Justice Department and worked with Radical Republicans to protect African Americans during Reconstruction.

Ulysses Grant resigned from the army in 1854 and returned to his family but lived in poverty.

Ulysses Grant joined the Union Army after the American Civil War broke out in 1861 and rose to prominence after winning several early Union victories on the Western Theater.

For thirteen months, Grant fought Robert E Lee during the high-casualty Overland Campaign and at Petersburg.

Later, Ulysses Grant openly broke with Johnson over Reconstruction policies; Ulysses Grant used the Reconstruction Acts, which had been passed over Johnson's veto, to enforce civil rights for recently freed African Americans.

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War hero, drawn in by his sense of duty, Ulysses Grant was unanimously nominated by the Republican Party and was elected president in 1868.

Ulysses Grant appointed African Americans and Jewish Americans to prominent federal offices.

In 1871, Ulysses Grant created the first Civil Service Commission, advancing the civil service more than any prior president.

Ulysses Grant administration is traditionally known for prevalent scandals including the Gold Ring and the Whiskey Ring.

Ulysses Grant appointed John Brooks Henderson and David Dyer, who prosecuted the Whiskey Ring.

Ulysses Grant appointed Benjamin Bristow and Edwards Pierrepont, who served as Ulysses Grant's anti-corruption team.

Ulysses Grant appointed Zachariah Chandler, who cleaned up corruption in the Interior.

Ulysses Grant's administration prosecuted Mormon polygamists, and vice crimes like pornography, and abortion.

In 1880, Ulysses Grant was unsuccessful in obtaining the Republican presidential nomination for a third term.

Ulysses Grant was a modern general and "a skillful leader who had a natural grasp of tactics and strategy".

Hiram Ulysses Grant was born in Point Pleasant, Ohio, on April 27,1822, to Jesse Root Grant, a tanner and merchant, and Hannah Simpson Grant.

Ulysses Grant's great-grandfather fought in the French and Indian War, and his grandfather, Noah, served in the American Revolution at Bunker Hill.

Jesse Ulysses Grant moved to Point Pleasant in 1820 and found work as a foreman in a tannery.

Ulysses Grant soon met his future wife, Hannah, and the two were married on June 24,1821.

At the age of five, Ulysses Grant began his formal education, starting at a subscription school and later in two private schools.

Ulysses Grant disliked the tannery, so his father put his ability with horses to use by giving him work driving wagon loads of supplies and transporting people.

Unlike his siblings, Ulysses Grant was not forced to attend church by his Methodist parents.

Ulysses Grant inherited some of Hannah's Methodist piety and quiet nature.

Ulysses Grant spent more time reading books from the library than his academic texts, including works by James Fenimore Cooper and others.

Quiet by nature, Ulysses Grant established a few intimate friends among fellow cadets, including Frederick Tracy Dent and James Longstreet.

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Ulysses Grant was inspired both by the Commandant, Captain Charles F Smith, and by General Winfield Scott, who visited the academy to review the cadets.

Ulysses Grant graduated on June 30,1843, ranked 21st out of 39 in his class and was promoted the next day to the rank brevet second lieutenant.

Ulysses Grant planned to resign his commission after his four-year term of duty.

Ulysses Grant was happy with his new commander but looked forward to the end of his military service and a possible teaching career.

In Missouri, Ulysses Grant visited Dent's family and became engaged to his sister, Julia, in 1844.

Ulysses Grant was flanked by three fellow West Point graduates, all dressed in their blue uniforms, including Longstreet, Julia's cousin.

Ulysses Grant served as regimental quartermaster, but yearned for a combat role; when finally allowed, he led a charge at the Battle of Resaca de la Palma.

Ulysses Grant demonstrated his equestrian ability at the Battle of Monterrey by volunteering to carry a dispatch past snipers, where he hung off the side of his horse, keeping the animal between him and the enemy.

At San Cosme, Ulysses Grant directed his men to drag a disassembled howitzer into a church steeple, then reassembled it and bombarded nearby Mexican troops.

Ulysses Grant came to recognize how wars could be won or lost by crucial factors that lay beyond the tactical battlefield.

Ulysses Grant was charged with bringing the soldiers and a few hundred civilians from New York City to Panama, overland to the Pacific and then north to California.

Ulysses Grant established and organized a field hospital in Panama City, and moved the worst cases to a hospital barge one mile offshore.

When orderlies protested having to attend to the sick, Ulysses Grant did much of the nursing himself, earning high praise from observers.

Ulysses Grant witnessed white agents cheating Indians of their supplies, and the devastation of smallpox and measles, transferred by white settlers.

In 1854, at age 32, Ulysses Grant entered civilian life, without any money-making vocation to support his growing family.

Ulysses Grant farmed, using Julia's slave Dan, on his brother-in-law's property, Wish-ton-wish, near St Louis.

Ulysses Grant's family had little money, clothes, and furniture, but always had enough food.

In 1858, Ulysses Grant rented out Hardscrabble and moved his family to Julia's father's 850-acre plantation.

In March 1859, Ulysses Grant freed William by a manumission deed, potentially worth at least $1,000, when Ulysses Grant needed the money.

Ulysses Grant moved to St Louis, taking on a partnership with Julia's cousin Harry Boggs working in the real estate business as a bill collector, again without success and with Julia's prompting ended the partnership.

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Ulysses Grant had thirty-five notable recommendations, but the position was given on the basis of political affiliation and Grant was passed over by the Free Soil and Republican county commissioners because he was believed to share his father-in-law's Democratic sentiments.

Ulysses Grant was torn between his increasingly anti-slavery views and the fact that his wife remained a staunch Democrat.

The next day, Ulysses Grant attended a mass meeting to assess the crisis and encourage recruitment, and a speech by his father's attorney, John Aaron Rawlins, stirred Ulysses Grant's patriotism.

Ulysses Grant had wanted to destroy Confederate strongholds at both Belmont, Missouri and Columbus, Kentucky, but was not given enough troops and was only able to disrupt their positions.

Ulysses Grant's troops fought their way back to their Union boats and escaped back to Cairo under fire from the fortified stronghold at Columbus.

Ulysses Grant presented his plan to Henry Halleck, his new commander in the newly created Department of Missouri.

Ulysses Grant then ordered an immediate assault on Fort Donelson, which dominated the Cumberland River.

Ulysses Grant was with Foote, four miles away when the Confederates attacked.

When Ulysses Grant blocked the Nashville Road, the Confederates retreated back into Fort Donelson.

Ulysses Grant had won the first major victory for the Union, capturing Floyd's entire rebel army of more than 12,000.

Halleck was angry that Ulysses Grant had acted without his authorization and complained to McClellan, accusing Ulysses Grant of "neglect and inefficiency".

Ulysses Grant, reinstated by Halleck at the urging of Lincoln and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, left Fort Henry and traveled by boat up the Tennessee River to rejoin his army with orders to advance with the Army of the Tennessee into Tennessee.

Ulysses Grant wanted to attack the Confederates at Corinth, but Halleck ordered him not to attack until Major General Don Carlos Buell arrived with his division of 25,000.

Meanwhile, Ulysses Grant prepared for an attack on the Confederate army of roughly equal strength.

Discouraged, Ulysses Grant considered resigning but Sherman convinced him to stay.

McClernand reached Sherman's army, assumed command, and independently of Ulysses Grant led a campaign that captured Confederate Fort Hindman.

On his own initiative, Ulysses Grant set up a pragmatic program and hired a young Presbyterian Chaplain John Eaton to administer slave refuge work camps.

Ulysses Grant worked freed black labor on the bypass canal and other points on the river, incorporating them into the Union Army and Navy.

Ulysses Grant believed the smuggling funded the Confederacy and provided them with military intelligence, while Union soldiers were dying in the fields.

Ulysses Grant had received numerous dispatches with complaints about Jewish speculators in his district.

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Ulysses Grant feared the trading corrupted many of his officers who were eager to make a profit on a bale of cotton, while the majority of those involved in illegal trading was not Jewish.

Outraged that gold paid for southern cotton, Ulysses Grant required two permits, one from the Treasury and one from the Union Army, to purchase cotton.

On December 17,1862, Ulysses Grant issued a controversial General Order No 11, expelling "Jews, as a class", from his Union Army military district.

Ulysses Grant ordered diversionary battles, confusing Pemberton and allowing Ulysses Grant's army to move east across the Mississippi, landing troops at Bruinsburg.

When Stanton suggested Ulysses Grant be brought east to run the Army of the Potomac, Ulysses Grant demurred, writing that he knew the geography and resources of the West better and he did not want to upset the chain of command in the East.

Ulysses Grant arrived in Chattanooga on horseback, after a journey by boat from Vicksburg to Cairo, and then by train to Bridgeport, Alabama.

Ulysses Grant planned to have Sherman's Army of the Tennessee, assisted by the Army of the Cumberland, assault the northern end of Missionary Ridge, preparatory to rolling down it on the enemy's right flank.

Ulysses Grant was given an enormous thoroughbred horse, Cincinnati, by a thankful admirer in St Louis.

Ulysses Grant developed a good working relationship with Lincoln, who allowed Ulysses Grant to devise his own strategy.

Ulysses Grant established his headquarters with General George Meade's Army of the Potomac in Culpeper, north-west of Richmond, and met weekly with Lincoln and Stanton in Washington.

Ulysses Grant now commanded in total 533,000 battle-ready troops spread out over an eighteen-mile front, while the Confederates had lost many officers in battle and had great difficulty finding replacements.

Ulysses Grant was popular, and there was talk that a Union victory early in the year could lead to his candidacy for the presidency.

Ulysses Grant was aware of the rumors, but had ruled out a political candidacy; the possibility would soon vanish with delays on the battlefield.

Rather than retreat, Ulysses Grant flanked Lee's army to the southeast and attempted to wedge his forces between Lee and Richmond at Spotsylvania Court House.

Unable to break Lee's lines, Ulysses Grant again flanked the rebels to the southeast, meeting at North Anna, where a battle lasted three days.

Ulysses Grant believed breaking through Lee's lines at its weakest point, Cold Harbor, a vital road hub that linked to Richmond, would mean the destruction of Lee's army, the capture of Richmond, and a quick end to the rebellion.

Ulysses Grant already had two corps in position at Cold Harbor with Hancock's corps on the way.

Ulysses Grant had put off making an attack twice and was anxious to make his move before the rest of Lee's army arrived.

Undetected by Lee, Ulysses Grant moved his army south of the James River, freed Butler from the Bermuda Hundred, and advanced toward Petersburg, Virginia's central railroad hub.

Sheridan was assigned command of the Union Army of the Shenandoah and Ulysses Grant directed him to "follow the enemy to their death" in the Shenandoah Valley.

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When Sheridan suffered attacks by John S Mosby's irregular Confederate cavalry, Grant recommended rounding up their families for imprisonment at Fort McHenry.

Ulysses Grant had to commit badly needed troops to check Confederate General Jubal Early's raids in the Shenandoah Valley and who was getting dangerously close to the Potomac River, and Washington.

Ulysses Grant admitted that the overall mining tactic had been a "stupendous failure".

Rather than fight Lee in a full-frontal attack as he had done at Cold Harbor, Ulysses Grant continued to force Lee to extend his defenses south and west of Petersburg, better allowing him to capture essential railroad links.

Lee abandoned Petersburg and Richmond, while Ulysses Grant's conquering Union troops easily took Petersburg and captured Richmond the next day.

Ulysses Grant was in communication with Lee before he entrusted his aide Orville Babcock to carry his last dispatch to Lee that demanded his surrender with instructions to escort him to a meeting place of Lee's choosing.

Ulysses Grant immediately rode west, bypassing Lee's army, to join Sheridan who had captured Appomattox Station, blocking Lee's escape route.

On his way, Ulysses Grant received a letter sent by Lee informing him Lee would surrender his army.

Many, including Ulysses Grant himself, thought that he had been a target in the plot, and during the subsequent trial, the government tried to prove that Ulysses Grant had been stalked by Booth's conspirator Michael O'Laughlen.

Ulysses Grant was determined to work with Johnson, while he privately expressed "every reason to hope" in the new president's ability to run the government "in its old channel".

At the war's end, Ulysses Grant remained commander of the army, with duties that included dealing with Maximilian and French troops in Mexico, enforcement of Reconstruction in the former Confederate states, and supervision of Indian wars on the western Plains.

Johnson demanded they be put on trial, but Ulysses Grant insisted that they should not be tried, citing his Appomatox amnesty.

Ulysses Grant secured a house for his family in Georgetown Heights in 1865 but instructed Elihu Washburne that for political purposes his legal residence remained in Galena, Illinois.

That same year, Ulysses Grant spoke at Cooper Union in New York in support of Johnson's presidency.

On November 27,1865, General Ulysses Grant left Washington, sent by Johnson on a fact-finding mission to the South, to counter a pending less favorable report by Senator Carl Schurz.

Ulysses Grant recommended continuation of the Freedmen's Bureau, which Johnson opposed, but advised against using black troops, which he believed encouraged an alternative to farm labor.

Ulysses Grant did not believe the people of the South were ready for self-rule, and that both whites and blacks in the South required protection by the federal government.

Ulysses Grant was initially optimistic about Johnson, saying he was satisfied the nation had "nothing to fear" from the Johnson administration.

Ulysses Grant privately called Johnson's speeches a "national disgrace" and he left the tour early.

Ulysses Grant told Johnson he was going to resign the office to avoid fines and imprisonment.

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The following Monday, not willing to wait for the law to be overturned, Ulysses Grant surrendered the office to Stanton, causing confusion with Johnson.

Ulysses Grant's popularity rose among the Radical Republicans and his nomination for the presidency appeared certain.

Ulysses Grant played no overt role during the campaign and instead was joined by Sherman and Sheridan in a tour of the West that summer.

Ulysses Grant won the popular vote by 300,000 votes out of 5,716,082 votes cast, receiving an Electoral College landslide of 214 votes to Seymour's 80.

Seymour received a majority of white voters, but Ulysses Grant was aided by 500,000 votes cast by blacks, winning him 52.

Ulysses Grant lost Louisiana and Georgia, primarily due to Ku Klux Klan violence against African-American voters.

At the age of 46, Ulysses Grant was the youngest president yet elected, and the first president after the nation had outlawed slavery.

On March 4,1869, Grant was sworn in as the eighteenth President of the United States by Chief Justice Salmon P Chase.

Ulysses Grant urged that bonds issued during the Civil War should be paid in gold and called for "proper treatment" of Native Americans and encouraged their "civilization and ultimate citizenship".

Ulysses Grant appointed Elihu B Washburne Secretary of State and John A Rawlins Secretary of War.

Ulysses Grant then appointed former New York Senator Hamilton Fish Secretary of State.

Ulysses Grant nominated Sherman to succeed him as general-in-chief and gave him control over war bureau chiefs.

Ulysses Grant reluctantly revoked his own order, upsetting Sherman and damaging their wartime friendship.

James Longstreet, a former Confederate general who had endorsed Ulysses Grant's nomination, was nominated for the position of Surveyor of Customs of the port of New Orleans; this was met with general amazement, and seen as a genuine effort to unite the North and South.

In March 1872, Ulysses Grant signed legislation that established Yellowstone National Park, the first national park.

Ulysses Grant was sympathetic to women's rights; including support of female suffrage, saying he wanted "equal rights to all citizens".

Ulysses Grant appointed Edward S Salomon territorial governor of Washington, the first time an American Jewish man occupied a governor's seat.

Ulysses Grant was sympathetic to the plight of persecuted Jewish people.

In December 1869, Ulysses Grant appointed a Jewish journalist as Consul to Romania, to protect Jewish people from "severe oppression".

In 1875, Ulysses Grant proposed a constitutional amendment that limited religious indoctrination in public schools.

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Ulysses Grant's views were incorporated into the Blaine Amendment, but it was defeated by the Senate.

In October 1871, under the Morrill Act, Ulysses Grant rounded up and prosecuted hundreds of Utah Territory Mormon polygamists, using federal marshals, including Mormon leader Brigham Young, indicted for "lewd and lascivious cohabitation".

Ulysses Grant had called polygamy a "crime against decency and morality".

In 1874, Ulysses Grant signed into law the Poland Act, that put Mormon polygamists under the US District Courts, and limited Mormons on juries.

Ulysses Grant was considered an effective civil rights president, concerned about the plight of African Americans.

On March 18,1869, Ulysses Grant signed into law equal rights for blacks, to serve on juries and hold office, in Washington DC, and in 1870 he signed into law the Naturalization Act that gave foreign blacks citizenship.

Ulysses Grant advocated the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment that said states could not disenfranchise African Americans.

Ulysses Grant put military pressure on Georgia to reinstate its black legislators and adopt the new amendment.

In 1870, to enforce Reconstruction, Congress and Ulysses Grant created the Justice Department that allowed the Attorney General and the new Solicitor General to prosecute the Klan.

Congress and Ulysses Grant passed a series of three Enforcement Acts, designed to protect blacks and Reconstruction governments.

Northern apathy toward blacks, the depressed economy and Ulysses Grant's scandals made it politically difficult for the Ulysses Grant administration to maintain support for Reconstruction.

Ulysses Grant ended the Brooks–Baxter War, bringing Reconstruction in Arkansas to a peaceful conclusion.

Ulysses Grant sent troops to New Orleans in the wake of the Colfax massacre and disputes over the election of Governor William Pitt Kellogg.

Ulysses Grant recalled Sheridan and most of the federal troops from Louisiana.

Ulysses Grant later regretted not issuing a proclamation to help Ames, having been told Republicans in Ohio would bolt the party if Ulysses Grant intervened in Mississippi.

Ulysses Grant signed it as the Civil Rights Act of 1875, but there was little enforcement and the Supreme Court ruled the law unconstitutional in 1883.

In October 1876, Ulysses Grant dispatched troops to South Carolina to keep Republican Governor Daniel Henry Chamberlain in office.

The "greenback" notes, as they were known, were necessary to pay the unprecedented war debts, but they caused inflation and forced gold-backed money out of circulation; Ulysses Grant was determined to return the national economy to pre-war monetary standards.

Ulysses Grant had limited foreign policy experience, acquired during his service in the Mexican-American war.

Ulysses Grant relied heavily on his talented Secretary of State Hamilton Fish.

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Fundamentally, Ulysses Grant had an expansionist impulse to protect American interests abroad and was a strong advocate of the Monroe Doctrine.

Sumner, who hated Ulysses Grant, led the opposition to Ulysses Grant's plan to annex Santo Domingo.

Ulysses Grant said that respect "for human rights is the first duty for those set as rulers" over the nations.

In 1869, Ulysses Grant initiated his plan, later to become an obsession, to annex the Dominican Republic, then called Santo Domingo.

Ulysses Grant believed acquisition of the Caribbean island and Samana Bay would increase the United States' natural resources, and strengthen US naval protection to enforce the Monroe Doctrine, safeguard against British obstruction of US shipping and protect a future oceanic canal, stop slavery in Cuba and Brazil, while blacks in the United States would have a safe haven from "the crime of Klu Kluxism".

Ulysses Grant ordered Fish to draw up formal treaties, sent to Baez by Babcock's return to the island nation.

Ulysses Grant left confident Sumner approved, but what Sumner actually said was controversially disputed, by various witnesses.

Ulysses Grant was outraged, and on Friday, July 1,1870, he sacked his appointed Minister to Great Britain, John Lothrop Motley, Sumner's close friend and ally.

In January 1871, Ulysses Grant signed a joint resolution to send a commission to investigate annexation.

Ulysses Grant ordered US Navy Squadron warships to converge on Cuba, off of Key West, supported by the USS Kansas.

When Ulysses Grant took office in 1869, the nation's policy towards Native Americans was in chaos, affecting more than 250,000 Native Americans being governed by 370 treaties.

President Ulysses Grant was mostly an assimilationist, wanting Indians to adopt European customs, education, English language, Christianity, private property, clothing, and to accept democratic government, that would lead to eventual Indian citizenship.

In 1870, a setback in Ulysses Grant's policy occurred over the Marias Massacre, causing public outrage.

In 1871, Ulysses Grant ended the sovereign tribal treaty system; by law individual Native Americans were deemed wards of the federal government.

On November 3,1875, Ulysses Grant held a meeting at the White House and, under advice from Sheridan, agreed not to enforce keeping out miners from the Black Hills, forcing Native Americans onto the Sioux reservation.

In September and October 1876, Ulysses Grant persuaded the tribes to relinquish the Black Hills.

The Liberals, who personally disliked Ulysses Grant, detested his alliance with Senator Simon Cameron and Senator Roscoe Conkling, considered to be spoilsmen politicians.

Ulysses Grant was supported by Frederick Douglass, prominent abolitionists, and Indian reformers.

Ulysses Grant won reelection easily thanks to federal prosecution of the Klan, a strong economy, debt reduction, lowered tariffs, and tax reductions.

Ulysses Grant lost in six former slave states that wanted to see an end to Reconstruction.

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Ulysses Grant proclaimed the victory as a personal vindication of his presidency, but inwardly he felt betrayed by the Liberals.

Ulysses Grant concluded his address with the words, "My efforts in the future will be directed towards the restoration of good feelings between the different sections of our common community".

Ulysses Grant continued to work for a strong dollar, signing into law the Coinage Act of 1873, which effectively ended the legal basis for bimetallism, establishing the gold standard in practice.

Ulysses Grant, who knew little about finance, traveled to New York to consult leading businessmen and bankers for advice on how to resolve the crisis, which became known as the Panic of 1873.

Ulysses Grant believed that, as with the collapse of the Gold Ring in 1869, the panic was merely an economic fluctuation that affected bankers and brokers.

Ulysses Grant believed the bill would destroy the credit of the nation, and he vetoed it despite their objections.

Ulysses Grant's veto placed him in the conservative faction of the Republican Party and was the beginning of the party's commitment to a gold-backed dollar.

Ulysses Grant later pressured Congress for a bill to further strengthen the dollar by gradually reducing the number of greenbacks in circulation.

On January 14,1875, Ulysses Grant signed the Specie Payment Resumption Act, which required gradual reduction of the number of greenbacks allowed to circulate and declared that they would be redeemed for gold beginning on January 1,1879.

Ulysses Grant's Commission created rules for competitive exams, the end of mandatory political assessments, classifying positions into grades, and appointees were chosen from the top three performing federal applicants.

In November 1871, Ulysses Grant's appointed New York Collector, and Conkling ally, Thomas Murphy, resigned.

Previous Grant appointed collectors Murphy and Moses H Grinnell charged lucrative fees for warehouse space, without the legal requirement of listing the goods.

On March 3,1873, Ulysses Grant signed into law an appropriation act that increased pay for federal employees, Congress, the Judiciary, and the President.

Ulysses Grant kept his much needed pay raise, while his personal reputation remained intact.

In 1872, Ulysses Grant signed into law an act that ended private moiety contracts, but an attached rider allowed three more contracts.

Ulysses Grant appointed Richardson judge of the Court of Claims, and replaced him with reformer Benjamin Bristow.

Ulysses Grant appointed David Dyer, under Bristow's recommendation, federal attorney to prosecute the Ring in St Louis, who indicted Ulysses Grant's old friend General John McDonald, supervisor of Internal Revenue.

Interior Department under Secretary Columbus Delano, whom Ulysses Grant appointed to replace Cox, was rife with fraud and corruption.

When Grant was informed by Postmaster Marshall Jewell of a potential Congressional investigation into an extortion scandal involving Attorney General George H Williams' wife, Grant fired Williams and appointed reformer Edwards Pierrepont in his place.

Ulysses Grant told Congress to settle the matter through legislation and assured both sides that he would not use the army to force a result, except to curb violence.

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Ulysses Grant was the first US president to visit Jerusalem and the Holy Land.

Ulysses Grant's tour demonstrated to Europe and Asia that the United States was an emerging world power.

Ulysses Grant said nothing publicly but wanted the job and encouraged his men.

Washburne urged him to run; Grant demurred, saying he would be happy for the Republicans to win with another candidate, though he preferred James G Blaine to John Sherman.

Ulysses Grant gave speeches for Garfield but declined to criticize the Democratic nominee, Winfield Scott Hancock, a general who had served under him in the Army of the Potomac.

Ulysses Grant gave Garfield his public support and pushed him to include Stalwarts in his administration.

In 1883, Ulysses Grant joined the firm and invested $100,000 of his own money.

Ulysses Grant warned Ward that if his firm engaged in government business he would dissolve their partnership.

Historians agree that Ulysses Grant was likely unaware of Ward's intentions, but it is unclear how much Buck Ulysses Grant knew.

Ward, who assumed Ulysses Grant was "a child in business matters, " told him of the impending failure, but assured Ulysses Grant that this was a temporary shortfall.

Ulysses Grant approached businessman William Henry Vanderbilt, who gave him a personal loan of $150,000.

Ulysses Grant invested the money in the firm, but it was not enough to save it from failure.

Ulysses Grant told and retold his war stories so many times that writing his Memoirs was more a matter of repetition and polish rather than trying to recall his memories for the first time.

Ulysses Grant chose not to reveal the seriousness of his condition to his wife, who soon found out from Ulysses Grant's doctor.

Ulysses Grant was nearly broke and worried constantly about leaving his wife a suitable amount of money to live on.

On July 18 1885, Ulysses Grant finished his memoir; he lived for only five more days.

Ulysses Grant's memoirs treat his early life and time in the Mexican–American War briefly and include the events of his life up to the end of the Civil War.

The Personal Memoirs of US Ulysses Grant was a critical and commercial success.

Ulysses Grant portrayed himself in the persona of the honorable Western hero, whose strength lies in his honesty and straightforwardness.

Ulysses Grant candidly depicted his battles against both the Confederates and internal army foes.

Ulysses Grant's pallbearers included Union generals Sherman and Sheridan, Confederate generals Simon Bolivar Buckner and Joseph E Johnston, Admiral David Dixon Porter, and Senator John A Logan, the head of the GAR.

Ceremonies were held in other major cities around the country, while Ulysses Grant was eulogized in the press and likened to George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.

Ulysses Grant was hailed across the North as the winning general in the American Civil War and overall his military reputation has held up fairly well.

Ulysses Grant was the most successful General, Union or Confederate, to dominate the Civil War.

Ulysses Grant's drinking was often exaggerated by the press and falsely stereotyped by many of his rivals and critics.

McFeely believed Ulysses Grant was an "ordinary American" trying to "make his mark" during the 19th Century.

The scandals during the Ulysses Grant administration were often used to stigmatize his political reputation.

Ulysses Grant was noted for being "a strong advocate for civil rights" during his presidency.

Ulysses Grant's image has appeared on the front of the United States fifty-dollar bill since 1913.

Ulysses Grant has appeared on several US postage stamps, the first one issued in 1890, five years after his death.